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THE MEDALLISTS OF IRELAND AND THEIR WORK.

By WILLIAM FRAZER, F.R.C.S.I.,

Member of Council, Royal Irish Academy, &c.

No. I. - THE MOSSOPS.

THE medals that a country has produced may be compared to so many isolated portions, or detached fragments, from a continuous narration of its history; and, when studied under this aspect, their value to the historian becomes obvious. It is difficult to estimate the extent of our obligation to the medals of Greece and Rome, and the coins of these countries, which, in truth should rank as medals, in elucidating their early records. In Ireland, it is only within about the last hundred years that they assume a true national character: and that we can claim to possess a national series; yet they have failed to secure accurate investigation which alone would render them useful. Students have been few, and the medallic collections exceptional and limited; so that in the present day we cannot point to even reliable descriptions which may be consulted. Their history is still unwritten. The English series of medals has received ample recognition and illustration in the two fine volumes lately published by the Trustees of the British Museum; and in R. W. Cochrane-Patrick, M.P., Scottish medals have secured an enthusiastic and liberal editor, who has, at considerable personal expense, treated them fully and with admirable illustrative engravings in his splendid work. We can point to nothing of this character in Ireland, and whatever assistance our medals could afford to elucidate the past, it will, so far as books are concerned, be sought in vain. Yet the Irish series of medals are well deserving of description. The men whose portraits are preserved on them are those whose names we have reason to be proud of, the events they commemorate form much of our modern history; and even should their theme relate to some subject of local or limited interest, still it recalls objects or circumstances once considered to deserve a record, and which at the time produced sufficient impression on the public mind to be thus transmitted.

Medals, when studied with reference to their appreciation as objects of art acquire augmented value in proportion to the talent displayed in design, and the technical skill of their fabricator. In these respects, we have reason to point with pride to two distinguished Irish artists-the Mossops, father and son-both of whom, though labouring under serious disadvantages, achieved brilliant successes. We have to acknowledge our indebtedness to their labours for a long series of works in metal, reproducing the portraits of many an Irishman, whose features we would gladly look on: a Charlemont, for instance, or a Grattan, a David

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La Touche, a Primate Robinson, or O'Connell as he appeared in the year 1816, and others equally esteemed.

Being the fortunate possessor of an extensive series of Irish medals, the result of several years' acquisitions, I have long considered their ownership demanded, at least, an attempt to place on record such circumstances connected with their history as could he collected, and which, if not preserved, would to a large extent pass into oblivion. The effort may, perhaps, induce others to supply my shortcomings, and possibly lead to our Irish medallic works becoming better appreciated. In doing this I will, in the first place, give brief histories of the Mossops, and describe their medals; hereafter I may, perhaps, review the later medals of Parks, the Woodhouses, Jones, and other Irish workmen in the same special department of art.

There are already published accounts of the Mossops, father and son, by Dean Dawson, in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, also a paper chiefly relating the history of William Stephen Mossop, junr., in "The Dublin Monthly Magazine" for 1842, by a gentleman who knew him for many years, and a number of details relating to both artists in Gilbert's Dublin, where a list compiled by Mossop, junr., is given of the principal works executed by his father and himself.
 

William Mossop.

William Mossop (Born, 1751; died, 1806).- The eminent position which Mossop attained as an artist, nearly a century ago, renders it a duty to collect these fast-fading traditions of his professional labours which well deserve to be recorded. Those few individuals who are familiar with the series of medals he struck, and value them, will feel that in attempting to perpetuate his name, and direct fresh attention to his many successes in medallic representations, the effort is far from needless; for already, similar to the lot of too many Irishmen of genius, his countrymen have begun to forget his claims to their recognition and gratitude. His history presents us with another example of undoubted talent of a high order, engaged in constant, uncomplaining labour, without receiving the reward of adequate recompense from his cotemporaries, who were liberal enough in admitting his genius, but failed to offer him that pecuniary recompense which, in other countries has been willingly accorded to men who have devoted themselves to similar artistic pursuits.

William Mossop, a Dublin citizen, was born, in 1751, in Mary's parish. his father's name was Browne, and when be died, his widow married W. Mossop, a relation of the popular actor and stage-manager, Henry Mossop. The father of her child having been a Roman Catholic, she changed his name, to obtain admission for him into the Blue Coat School, to that of her second husband. On leaving this school, about 1765, he was apprenticed to Mr. Stone, a die-sinker, who made seal-dies for the Linen Board, and work of similar descriptions, upon which he kept young Mossop occupied. At this time, and for many years afterwards, the trade of die-sinking in Dublin was remunerative; for there was much demand for buttons struck in metal, which was so well paid that the workmen who fabricated heavy gilt buttons (then in ordinary use for gentlemen and their servants' liveries) were able to earn large wages, and seldom worked above three or four days each week, spending the rest of their time in idleness and

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drinking. Change of fashion has long since altogether destroyed this lucrative trade.

Stone, like many others of his class, was of intemperate habits, which caused his death; and his son, following the father's example, likewise soon killed himself. The entire support of unfortunate Stone's family devolved on Mossop. He continued to work for the Linen Board up to 1781, when a change took place in the managment of the board; and the dismissal of their secretary led to a system of contract, which deprived him of his employment at a time when, having married, he was burdened with a young family. A circumstance occurred about this period which in a material degree influenced the course of Mr Mossop's life. He was requested to value a collection of medals for some friend, who contemplated purchasing them; and becoming much interested in their execution, when his friend declined to do so, he secured the collection himself. Their possession excited in him the desire to make similar beautiful works of art; and thus his labours as a medallist commenced. He carried his ambitious design into execution without delay, and the result proved how wisely he had selected his proper vocation. The medal he first produced was that of Mr. Ryder, a well known popular actor in Dublin, which was made in 1782 and when we consider this premier essay was executed by a person who had no previous training in such a peculiar and special department, that the modelling of the portrait, and its subsequent engraving on a steel die, were due to the unaided development of his skill and natural talent, resulting in a finished work deserving of high commendation, and one that placed him in the rank of a medallist of exceptional ability, it must be admitted we are describing the history of a man of genius, far beyond the average standard. The portrait of Ryder was, by general consent, considered a striking likeness. There is a rather rare engraving, which may have possibly aided Mossop's modelling - and, no doubt, he enjoyed opportunities of studying his appearance when acting on the stage - but we have no evidence that he was permitted to model Ryder's face from life sitting; and if this be so, the result is still more surprising and exceptional. When the model was completed it was inspected and admired by crowds of citizens; yet it is related that, after the lapse of several months there was "only a single medal sold:" whether this is correct or not, it is beyond question that it it is seldom met with at present. Soon after he executed a medal-still more scarce, of which I know only a solitary impression in the Royal Irish Academy that, with side busts, of the Right Hon. John Beresford and his wife. For the curious history of this medal I refer to its description hereafter.

Two works of such marked excellence succeeding each other attracted the notice, and, better still, the assistance and friendship of Dr Quin, advantages which to Mossop's serious disappointment, were soon lost by the death of his influential friend and benefactor, of whom he completed a good medallic likeness, at the request of Mr. Wade, one of his patients, in grateful acknowledgment of his recovery from a severe illness. Dr. Quin contemplated the idea of sending Mossop to Boulton's great mint works in Birmingham; but his death put an end to this arrangement. In Gilbert's History of Dublin (Appendix to vol. ii.) there is a detailed list of most of Mossop's works, compiled by his son, and collated by Dr. A Smith, with the assistance of private letters, which formed the first reliable record of his labours. In the year 1784, Mossop resided at 13, Essex-quay. He

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modestly describes his occupation as 'letter cutter and die-sinker." He was subsequently employed by the firm of Camac, Kyan, & Camac (1793) in coining into halfpence the copper which they obtained from their property, the Wicklow Copper Mines. There was a scarcity of copper coinage at that period, owing to the restricted working of the royal mint, which led to numbers of traders striking private tokens throughout Ireland and England, amongst them the Dublin company of Camac, competed so largely that, to a great extent, at least in Ireland, they displaced the royal coinage, and the phrase "a Camac" became for several years synonymous with a halfpenny. Mossop was engaged in making their dies and superintending the practical working of their private mint. The subsequent failure of this firm, in addition to the loss of his appointment, entailed on him serious pecuniary loss. In 1797 he returned to his occupation as a private die-sinker, and so long as work could be obtained he continued his laborious and little appreciated toil.

The disturbed state of Ireland, the successive Rebellions of 1798 and 1803, and the loss of trade in Dublin, caused by the Legislative Union combined to produce a depressing, and almost destructive influence in every department connected with local manufuctures. During the entire of Mossop's career he laboured under a total want of that patronage which, either from the State or from wealthy individuals, work similar to his usually requires to produce its best efforts; and it is a matter for justifiable national pride, that without such aid, without a master's help or previous instruction, he achieved success in his art. The celebrated sculptor, Edward Smith, was, however, a friend of Mossop's, and aided him by his council and designs in some of his medals. It is difficult to obtain information respecting the numerous seals of which Mossop prepared dies for different incorporated and other public bodies in Ireland. Several of these seals were executed in silver, and as they became disused were melted down for their intrinsic metallic value, and so destroyed. I have a small silver seal of the Irish Ordnance Department which, I believe, is his workmanship. He engraved a few compositions in cornelian and on ivory, in the latter material he cut a small copy of the marriage of Cupid and Psyche, but I am unable to trace its present possessor.

Before cutting the steel die, Mossop was in the habit of executing in wax a careful model of the portrait or design he intended to complete. He employed wax softened with turpentine, and coloured white or brown, which was laid down on pieces of slate or glass, and accurately moulded to the intended form. In modelling figures, they were designed as a primary study, and the drapery laid on by subsequent stages. He thus preserved the positions of the limbs correct, however minute they were; and the examples I have of his workmanship evince by their delicate manipulation the fineness of his touch and skill as a draughtsman. The original wax model for Mossop's masonic medal in my possession was made after a drawing of Edward Smith's, to whom the original conception of the design was due; but its practical execution was altogether his own. Several of his steel dies are still preserved in the possession of Mr. J. Woodhouse of this city, who follows the same interesting profession as a medallist. Mr. Mossop died in Dublin in 1804, after a few hours' illness, from an attack of paralysis and apoplexy.

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MEDALS MADE BY WILLIAM MOSSOP, SENIOR.

THOMAS RYDER.- The bust to right, inscribed with the name, and in smaller letters, W. M. F. Reverse.- Wreaths of laurel and palm with lyre and comic mask at their junction. In centre, NON ALIENA | UNQUAM | RYDER | VESTIGIA | PRESSIT; and below, W. M. F. Size, 1·7 of English inch. This medal, which occurs in bronze and silver, was Mossop's first work. It records a talented comic actor, manager of Smock Alley Theatre from 1772. He was son of Preswick Ryder, a printer, who resided in portion of Old Cork House, in Castle-street, Dublin, and absconded after printing a pamphlet against the Government. He lived as an itinerant player for many years in England under the name of Darby, during which time his son was born. As manager of Smock Alley Theatre Ryder made money, and got £3000 by the Royal Exchange Lottery, but lost it, and became bankrupt. After visiting London, Edinburgh, &c., he returned, in 1791, to Dublin, and died of a broken heart. There is a touching note in White's "Miscellanea Nova," published in 1800, on his career. When wealthy he built a large house in Eccles-street, now divided into two, which was known as "Ryder's Folly." There is a scarce portrait of Ryder, painted by Harding and engraved in stipple by W. N. Gardiner, which I possess. The medal was struck in 1782; but, though much praised, its sale was a failure, and hence it is seldom to be procured.

MEDALLION OF RIGHT HON. JOHN AND MRS. BERESFORD.- Their busts, superimposed, and beneath, W. Mossop. Reverse, blank. Size.- 2·1. In bronze in Royal Irish Academy. Hon John Beresford, second son of Viscount Tyrone, represented Waterford in Parliament for forty-four years until his death in 1805. His second wife, Barbara, daughter of Sir Wm. Montgomery, was a celebrated beauty. The medal, which is curved, was struck to be set in the side of a tankard of silver which Dr. Achmet, proprietor of baths in Dublin, presented in acknowledgment of some favours conferred on him through the Beresfords' influence. Achmet, who was the son of a Dublin tradesman named Kearns, dressed like a Turk, and passed for one for somc years. An amusing account of his baths, &c., is given in Madden's "Periodical Literature," vol. ii., p. 209. Mr. Beresford, after whom Beresford-place is named, was practically the ruler of Ireland for many years. His wife and her sisters were drawn by Sir J. Reynolds as "The Graces." The picture is now in the National Gallery. The medal was struck in 1788; I believe it is unique.

HENRY QUIN, M.D.- Bust to right; inscription, HENRICUS QUIN, M.D., and under the neck, in small leters, W. MOSSOP F. Reverse.- blank. Size, 1·65. This was struck for Robert Watson Wade, First Clerk of the Irish Treasury, to show his gratitude after recovering from a severe illness, caused by an "imposthume" in his side. The original gold medal given to Dr. Quin is in the possession of his grandson, Rev. R. Quin, Rector of Forkhill. It has an engraved inscription: "EX | ANIMO GRATO | OB | SANITATEM | RESTITUTAM | EXCUDI CURAVIT | R. W. WADE | M.DCCLXXXVIII. The original steel die is in my possession. Examples
 
 
 

The size of these Medals is given in English inches and tenths of an inch.

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occur in silver, bronze, and silver gilt. Dr Quin presented copies to his friends, for one made in silver and gilded, and which I have, is inscribed "The gift of Henry Quin, Esq., M.D., to John Logan, Sculptor of Gems, as a token of friendship, Nov. 1, 1789." Mossop likewise acknowledged his obligations to Dr. Quin, according to his own statement, by inscribing one of these medals as follows:- "Sacred to the man who, after finding out the author in obscurity, led him into the profession of this polite art, and became his patron, his friend, and his liberal benefactor." I have failed to trace this medal. Dr. Quin was a distinguished Dublin physician, and near relative to the celebrated actor. He discovered a mode of reproducing gems in coloured glass paste, and instructed James Tassie in his method of fabricating them. This led to his future success in London in making the so-termed "Tassie's Gems," which obtained wide celebrity. I possess some made by Dr. Quin himself, which are fine specimens of workmanship.

DAVID LA TOUCHE.- Bust to waist, with cravat and coat; a cap on the head. Inscription-DAVID LATOUCHE ESQ BELVIEW; and on the arm, in small letters, MOSSOP. Reverse.- A group of allegorical figures, representng Justice, Truth, and Liberality, with Eagle and QUI BENE PARTA MELIUS DISPENSAVIT for inscription, and in the Exergue NAT 1704 OB 1785. Size, 1·7. There is an engraving of this medal in Clayton's Views of Dublin. The dies are in the possession of Mr. J Woodhouse. He has also a wax impression of a seal representing the portrait, but evidently not a work of Mossop's. It is needless to allude to the distinguished position which David La Touche held in the city of Dublin. This medal occurs in bronze and silver.

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Esq.- Bust to right, with draped shoulders and bare neck; a soft conical cap on head; arm inscribed in small letters, MOSSOP. The name WILLIAM ALEXANDER around bust. Reverse.- Blank. Size, 1·8. This medal, of which Mr. Woodhouse has the die was made in 1785. It represents a leading Dublin merchant, who lived in 15, Sackville-place; in 1779 he became alderman, and in 1788, Lord Mayor. He was afterwards one of the superintendent magistrates, and as such, arrested Henry Sheares in 1798, in his house in Baggot-street. I have seen it only in bronze.

WILLIAM DEANE, Esq.- Draped bust to right, inscribed GVLIELMVS DEANE ARM, and on the arm, in small letters, MOSSOP F. Size, 1·7. Occurs in bronze and copper gilt; stated to have been made in 1785. Mr. Deane was a solicitor and officer in the Court of Chancery, and further distinguished himself by practical scientific pursuits; for he established works to make bottles and window glass, which were aided by parliamentary grants. His name appears amongst the original members of the Royal Irish Academy. He died in 1793, leaving his chemical apparatus of glass, and planetarium to Trinity College, and large bequests to Stevens' Hospital and the Rotundo.

EDMUND SEXTON VISCOUNT PERY.- Head to right, with inscription EDM SEX VISCOUNT PERY, and below, MOSSOP. Reverse.- Blank. Size, 1·7. Made in bronze and silver. Mr. J. Woodhouse has the die. Edmund Sexton, Viscount Pery, born 1719, entered Parliament in 1751, and was

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Speaker of the House of Commons from 1771 to 1785. On vacating office he was created viscount, and received £3000 per annum. He died in 1806. Dean Dawson states, that when Mossop had finished this medal, Lord Pery expressed himself highly pleased, and inquired what remuneration he expected. On Mossop replying, "Twenty guineas," He handed him a cheque for forty, remarking that he "considered the artist had not put a fair price on his work, and hoped he would be satisfied with what he thought proper to give."

CUNNINGHAM PRIZE MEDAL OF ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY.- Bust of Lord Charlemont, in uniform of the Volunteers, to left, inscribed IACOBVS COMES DE CHARLEMONT PRÆS. On the arm, MOSSOP. Reverse.- Hibernia, helmetted, seated on a pile of books, holding a shield, with harp and Irish crown, and a rod, with cap of Liberty, to left; in front are ruins of a round tower, emblematic of antiquities, and behind, various emblems of astronomy, chemistry, and literature. The motto VERETAS REVOCAVIT ARTES and under the seated figure, MOSSOP. In the exergue ACAD REG HIB INST JAN 28 MDCCLXXVI. Size, 2·2. Struck in gold when issued, as the Cunningham Prize Medal. Some early proofs in silver and copper occur. The dies, which are worn out, remain in the possession of the Academy, and are replaced by new dies, made in 1886, by Mr. J. Woodhouse. The medal, when originally proposed, consisted only of the reverse portion, the portrait of Lord Charlemont being added when he was nominated President by Royal Charter. I possess the wax model of Lord Charlemont, made by Mossop preparatory to cutting the die.

To appreciate this medal, an early unworn impression should be examined; it then ranks with Mossop's best works. The portrait is considered an excellent resemblance, and its execution is soft and delicate. The allegorical design was planned with skill, and well worked out, the central figure filling, without overcrowding, the surface of the medal. Lord Charlemont was so pleased with it that he gave the artist free access to his library and the numismatic and art collections in his possession.

Mr. Woodhouse's replica of the Charlemont medal follows closely the design of the original made by Mossop. It can, however, be readily recognized by having J W in minute letters on the arm of the bust, after Mossep's name, and likewise on the reverse, immediately behind the lyre. The inscription also is struck in somewhat larger lettering.

DOWN CORPORATION OF HORSE BREEDERS.- A small medallion in the centre, with two racehorses and jockeys racing, surrounded by perforated rays like a sun, by which it is joined to an outer circle or garter, having the motto METAM AVIDI PETVNT. In the exergue, MOSSOP F. Reverse.- On the central medallion a brood mare and foal; inscription, IN EQVIS PATRVM VIMTVS, and the name MOSSOP. Size, 2·0. Struck in bronze about 1787. This medal had the perforations of the sun's rays removed by filing, after being struck. The Royal Irish Academy owned a gold pattern, which was lost.

PRIMATE ROBINSON, LORD ROKEBY.- The Primate's portrait, with full wig and canonicals, to right. Inscription-RICH ROBINSON BARON ROKEBY LORD PRIMATE OF ALL IRELAND. On the arm, MOSSOP. Reverse.- A

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front elevation of the Armagh Observatory marked MOSSOP, and in exergue, MDCCLXXXIX. The motto is, THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD. Size, 2·2. Made in bronze and silver, and occasionally met in white metal. Mr. J. Woodhouse has the dies. An engraving of it was published in "Anthologia Hibernica," for 1793; and I have an impression of the obverse struck as a proof in thin card-board. The medal commemorates the erection of the Armagh Observatory, which was built at his lordship's expense.

PATTERN FOR CAMAC HALFPENNY.- "Camac Kyan and Camac," with cypher H M C (Hibernian Mining Company), and beneath, ONE HALFPENNY | MOSSOP F | 1793. Reverse.- The usual figure of Hibernia with harp and whiskey still, PAYABLE AT BALLYMURTAGH. It is struck in copper, but was probably a pattern piece, as in the current issues Mossop's name is omitted. Size, 1·2.

UNION PENNY.- The head of George III. to right, and beneath a small harp, the motto, GEOROIUS III REX. Reverse.- Britannia with shield, and Hibernia with harp, uniting hands over the altar of Concord; the inscription being, CON-COR-DIA. In exergue 1789. Size, 1·4 A few bronze proofs were struck, when the die broke. It was made during the viceroyalty of the Marquis of Rockingham, after a design by Sir Joshua Reynolds. There is an impression in the Royal Irish Academy, struck, after the fracture-which extends across the harp-was repaired by a piece of metal let into the die. A specimen in the British Museum is still more damaged.

MEDALS GIVEN AT THE COMMENCEMENTS, TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN.- On both medals, SEMEL RAPTOS NVNQVAM DIMITTET HONORES.

Reverse of No. 1. - PROPTER ARTIVM STVDIA INDVSTRIA CONTINENT NEC SINE GLORIA NAVATA.

Reverse of No. 2. - PROPTER LITERAS GRÆCAS ATQVE LATINAS FELICITER EXCVLTAS.

It is stated this was originally designed for a science medal, but given up for those termed Commencement Medals, which were superseded by the Science and Classic Medals. Size, 1·3. Examples in bronze are in the Royal Irish Academy, made in 1793.

CASTLEBAR MEDAL.- A silver medal in the British Museum, representing a female seated to left, with three children, one suckling, and one at each side. Reverse.- In four lines, inscribed, BENEFACIENDUM | EST OMNIBVS - CASTLEBAR | 1791. This is probably Mossop's work.

MARIE ANTOINETTE.- Bust to right, and underneath W. M. Inscribed MARIE ANTOINETTE REINE DE FRANCE. Reverse.- IMMOLÉE | PARLES FACTIEVX LE 16 OCT 1793 | PLEURÉS ET VENGÉS LA. Size 1·35.

I possess a unique white metal impression of this medal; it was intended as part of a series, as I have the wax portrait of Louis XVI. prepared for engraving on a die, designed in Mossop's usual manner, and also a medal of

THE DAUPHIN AS LOUIS XVII.- Bust with long hair; to right, LOUIS XVII ROI DE FRANCE, and beneath W. M. Reverse.- SI TOT | QU'IL HAIT UN ROI | DOIT ON CESSER | DE L' ETRE, and below, 1793. Size, 1·3; unique.

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MEDAL OF THE FRIENDLY BROTHERS OF SAINT PATRICK.- So far back as 1762, a medal of this Society is described, made in gold -"Impressed with St. Patrick's Cross fixed in a heart, over which is a crown, the whole being set round with an emblematic knot, embellished with trefoil or shamrouge leaves, and this motto, FIDELIS ET CONSTANS, implying fidelity and constancy in religion, loyalty, and friendship. On the reverse shall be impressed the arms of the order, namely, a group of hearts in fesse, or, (as an emblem of the strict union of the members of the order) charged with a celestial crown of the same in chief in a field vert (the reward of their benevolence and fidelity). Round the shield an endless knot set with shamrouge leaves, the mantling proper, and two emblematic dolphins, their faces downwards, argent, a label coming from their mouths, with this motto, QUIS SEPARABIT (and above a hound W. F.). This medal shall be worn, pendant to a green ribbon, by all the members, and on the ribbon of the 'Perfect' Friendly Brothers the cross is blazoned in embroidery (and ornamented with a celestial crown), which no regular brother shall at any time dare to wear."

Mossop's medal corresponds with this description; it is struck in gold and bronze gilt. Size, 1·25. After his death it was re-engraved by his son, and several other Dublin medallists; but I have never seen one of the earlier medals such as described above.

This club appears to have originated soon after the Revolution of 1688 amongst the disbanded troops of William III., who, feeling a necessity of co-operating for mutual assistance, instituted a common bond of union, consisting of several lodges, or "knots," in the principal towns of Ireland, and also in Bath, Cheltenham, Liverpool, and London. Several of these continue to flourish. One of their ostensible designs was the suppression of duelling, and the arranging of misunderstandings amongst the brethren. This good feeling was promoted by social intercourse. They were prominent in benevolent schemes, and frequently discharged the debts of poor prisoners confined in gaol. The association still prospers as a Friendly Club, in Stephen's-green, in this city, and have their special pew in St. Patrick's Cathedral, where they attend service on the seventeenth of March, and they are contributors to the funds of the cathedral. I have reason to believe Dean Swift was a member of this body; at all events, its roll of membership shows a long succession of celebrated names.

There is a rare allegorical engraving of this association, of which there is a copy in my possession, where the medal is represented. So far as can be ascertained, it was engraved by William Paulett Carey, publisher of the National Evening Star Newspaper, but has no artist's name.

TICKET MEDALS OF THE PRIVATE THEATRE, 1796.- Three figures representing tragedy, comedy, and lyric art, holding a ribbon, inscribed, DESCRIBO MORES HOMINVM, and marked in exergue, MOSSOP. Reverse.- Blank, with a name engraved, Patt. Marsh Esq.

TICKET MEDALS OF THE PRIVATE THEATRE, 1796.- The figures differently and more gracefully disposed, marked MOSSOP in field to right. Reverse.- Inscribed, PRIVATE THEATRE, and engraved in centre, No. 1, Earl Farnham. Size, 1·4. Of the first medal I possess a bronze impression, and of the second silver.

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In 1792 several of the nobility fitted up a private theatre, under Earl Westmeath and Fred. E. Jones, for amateur performances. Each subscriber was allowed two silver tickets, and could, if qualified, perform. (Gold tickets were presented to the Marchioness of Camden, having her cypher, J C, under a coronet.) It is not certain when these tickets were first made; the earlier die appears to have been struck some years before the more finished medal; one only is described in the list by Mossop's son, with the date 1796. In Gilbert's History of Dublin, he states that Jones opened Crow-street theatre in 1798; and having suffered much from the base coin then in circulation, devised an issue of silver tokens, to be received and paid for at the theatre, probably about 1803 - from which idea Earl Hardwicke was led to originate the bank tokens. I have failed to trace these pieces, but possess one made for Crow-street Theatre in the year 1790, memorable as being the year when a succession of riots were organized against its manager, Daly.

MEDAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING RELIGION AND VIRTUE.- Two draped female figures, bearing a cross and cup, conducted by a winged angel with Spear, are seen advancing to a shrine on an eminence, behind which the sun is rising. The inscription is RIGHTEOUSNESS EXALTETH A NATION. In the exergue, MOSSOP F. Reverse.- Inscribed, ASSOCIATION FOR RELIGION AND VIRTUE INST OCT 9 1792. And around this, ACQUAINT THYSELF WITH GOD & BE AT PEACE Size, 1·6. Struck in silver and bronze.

This society was founded by Mr. Watson of Capel-street, and two clerical friends, to promote religion and morality. They instituted catechetical examination-for which these medals were given as prizes- obtained the suppression of Sunday evening promenades at the Rotundo, distributed bibles, checked the sale of immoral books, opposed with success the lottery system, and were so far in advance of their age, that they succeeded in stopping the Sunday trade in whiskey: in a word, inaugurated a vast change for the better in society. They became incorporated by Act of Parliament in 1800, and still continue their benevolent labours.

The Examinations of this Society were held at the Parochial Schools, and medals and bibles distributed for good answering in the Church Catechism.

DR. BARRET'S SCHOOL MEDAL.- A globe, lyre, and books, marked HOMER, &c. Inscription, HIC SVNT PRŒMIA LAVDI. On Reverse, HOC PRŒMIVM MERITVS AC CONSECVTVS EST HABITA IN SCHOLA REV JOHANNIS BARRETT DVBLINII A.D.- . Size, 2·6. Struck in bronze, and probably silver.

Dr. Barrett, who was a Catholic priest, died in 1798, with symptoms of mental disease; but his school appears to have continued, for Jones engraved a medal inscribed, HOC PRŒMIVM MERITVS AC CONSECVTVS EST EXAMINATIONE HABITA IN ACADEMIA DD BARRETT AC BERNE DVBLINII AD -

TYRONE REGIMENT.- FOR SOLDIERY MERIT, and outside a wreath, ROYAL TYRONE REGIMENT. Reverse.- A harp and royal crown, GOD SAVE THE KING. Size, 1·6. Struck in bronze and silver.

This medal has not Mossop's name. Mr. Woodhouse possesses the dies, which were evidently made in haste, the stars on the harp being double struck; and it also became cracked soon after completion. The

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medal is reported to have been fabricated in 1797, and given by the Colonel to soldiers of this regiment.

BANTRY BAY MEDAL.- A stormy sea, with ships in distress; above, a lion's head, from which a storm blows. AFFLAVIT DEVS ET DISSIPANTVR. In the exergue, JAN MDCCXCVII and MOSSOP. Reverse.- A Crown with FRIENDLY ASSOCIATION BANTRY GARRISON, surrounded by a wreath of lilies. Size, 1·6. Struck in silver and bronze. Lord Bantry possesses one in gold.

This medal was made for a local club, the members of which desired to commemorate the dispersion of the French invading fleet off Bantry Bay by storm.

ORDER OF ORANGE AND BLUE.- Altar, with bundle of arrows passing through an imperial crown, inscribed on a garter, QUÆ INVIDET MINOR EST, and on a ribbon, VIS UNITA FORTIOR. Reverse.-An altar, with star and the Brunswick Horse, inscribed, GLO PRI AVG, and immediately under the star, NON DEFICET ALTER. On the hexagonal sides of the altar, QUA DIE NOV (4th day of November), and a rose. Size, 1·2. I have seen it struck in gold and bronze. Mr. J. Woodhouse has the dies, which are of inferior workmanship, and do not bear Mossop's name. In the "British Museum Catalogue of English Medals," No. 24, p. 486, vol. ii., this is described as the badge of a club, instituted, in 1727, by officers of the King's Own Regiment of Foot, to commemorate the Revolution, and Accession of the House of Hanover. Three varieties are mentioned. By Mossop's son it is termed a "Hanoverian Society" medal, and it differs in slight particulars from all contained in the British Museum Catalogue.

ORANGE ASSOCIATION.- Bust of William III., in armour, to left; THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY 1690, and also MOSSOP. Reverse.-The British arms, with supporters. A lion above the crown, KING AND CONSTITUTION, and the name of MOSSOP. Size, 1·65. Struck in silver and bronze, and repeatedly re-engraved by other medallists. The Reverse is in Mr. J. Woodhouse's possession. Made in 1798.

HON. HENRY ST. GEORGE COLE.- This medal is described as consisting of the figure of Hibernia, struck in thin metal, from the Royal Irish Academy die, and soldered on, the inscription being TO HENRY ST GEORGE COLE, ESQ. Reverse.-In centre, FOR SPIRITED AND SUCCESSFUL EXERTIONS IN SUPRESSING CONSPIRACY AND TREASON, and around this, A TRIBUTE OF GRATEFUL LOYALTY. The medal in the Royal Irish Academy has not the "Hibernia." It was a presentation by the gentry to Mr. Cole, for his exertions in 1798.

MASONIC SCHOOL MEDAL.- A beautifully designed group of three infants and a mother, resting on a cross and anchor. Reverse.-Masonic emblems. Oval, 2·6 by 2·2. Struck in fine bronze proofs, and said to have been made in silver gilt, and worn by "Prince Masons:" this is a mistake. It was designed and used as a prize medal of the Dublin Masonic School, founded in the year 1790, which was located in Domville-lane, Prussia-street, and provided for twenty orphans. The design for it was furnished by Edward Smith, the sculptor, and I possess the original wax

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model made by Mossop. I have likewise a cast medal in iron. Mr. J. Woodhouse owns the obverse die. I have also a bronze medal with the Masonic emblems alone, which might be worn appropriately by any mason, and probably gave rise to the mistake mentioned.

COLLEGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY.- This appears an appropriate place to record the earlier and rarer medals of the College Historical Society, of which two are known to me, and in my possesion.

No.1. A draped figure, holding a lyre; behind her is a short column, on which she rests. The inscription is, THE BANISHED MUSES SHALL NO LONGER MOURN Reverse struck-THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN ADJUDGED THIS MEDAL. The rest is engraved- "Mr. John Ryan, for his Superior merit in history, on Wednesday, the 28th of January, 1784." Above is engraved also -"Lux Rerum Historia." Struck in silver. Size, 2·4. Mr. Ryan is registered as B.A. in 1785, and M.A. in 1788.

No.2. A female draped figure, erect, and facing slightly to the left, holding a wreath and a trumpet, emblematic of fame. The motto, SVME SVPERBIAM QVÆSITAM MERITIS. In exergue, ROBERTSON. The reverse is struck blank for engraving. My specimen has the following inscription- "LVX HISTORIA RERVM. THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN ADJUDGED THIS MEDAL JULY 1ST 1789 TO RICHD MOORE FOR HIS DISTINGUISHED MERIT IN ANSWERING HISTORY. Size, 2·4. Struck in silver.

MOSSOP'S MEDAL.- A group of three figures emblematic of History, Oratory, and Poetry; hour-glass. books, &c. On the ground to right an altar, inscribed HOMER, and behind a rock, from which Pegasus springs. In the centre the rostrum of Rome, with ship's prow. Inscription- VOS LENE CONCILIVM ET DATIS ET DATO GAVDETIS ALMÆ. In exergue, MOSSOP. F., and INST A.D. MDCCXCIV. The reverse inscribed, HISTORICA SOCIETAS COLLEGII DUBLINIENSIS, inside an olive wreath, and on a raised ring, MORES HOMINVM MVLTORVM VIDIT ET VRBES. In the centre is engraved the name of the successful candidate, and the subject, either History, Oratory, or Poetry, the die being made with three movable central portions, one, for each special subject. The earliest impressions struck (about 1801) have the inner ring engraved with sunk letters; afterwards the lettering is elevated, being struck out from the die. Size, 2·2; in silver. There is a gold proof in the Royal Dublin Society, and one in bronze in the British Museum.

MOSSOP'S MEDAL (ALTERED STATE).- Obverse, the same as originally struck. Reverse.-An eight-rayed star, with the College Arms, surrounded by an inscribed garter. The specimen I possess has PROPTER ARTEM PROSAICVM FELICITER EXCVLTVM. Outside is engraved the candidate's name and date; below are olive wreaths, and in large letters, HISTORICA SOCIETAS COLLEGII DUBLINIENSIS. Size, 2·2; in silver. The original dies becoming worn, the obverse was re-engraved, and this new reverse made by Mr. W. Woodhouse, about 1847, after a design prepared, I believe, by Dr. Aquilla Smith.

The Historical Society was founded in 1770, for promoting the study of history and elocution. It consisted of college students of long standing, and Fellows as honorary members. In 1792 it was remodelled, or

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revived, as the "Junior Historical Society, "the meetings being held in rotation in the members' rooms. When a member obtained above fifteen commendations in oratory, he was entitled to a silver medal, and a medal was also given at the monthly examinations in historical subjects. In 1794 it incurred the displeasure of the University Board for admitting a Rev. Mr. C., who had been expelled from college. The Board censured one of the members, and threatened to expel any student attending meetings of this society outside the college walls. The use of the College hall was also withdrawn, and the members hired the exhibition room in William-street for their assemblies. Tone, Emmet, John Sheares, James M'Cabe, Peter Burrowes, and others at this period, were prominent members, and several were suspected of using the society for political purposes. This led, after a College Visitation by Lord Clare in 1798, to its temporary extinction; it, however, revived about 1810, and continues with varying prosperity to the present time, becoming again an extern society in 1821, and subsequently recognized once more as a university association. Gold and silver medals are still given, those for oratory having blue; for composition, white; and for history, crimson ribbons.

DUBLIN SOCIETY MEDAL.- Hibernia seated with spear and helmet, holding a Copia, and leaning on a shield with harp, resting on books, and marked DUBLIN SOCIETY; her foot is placed on a bundle of fasces. Motto-NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS. In exergue to right, MOSSOP F. Reverse. -Blank. An oval medal ; size, 2·2 by 1·9 ; struck in silver and gold for premiums. The beauty of this medal is well displayed in an early bronze proof. The die is in Mr. J. Woodhouse's possession. It was finished about 1802, and has been repeatedly re-engraved by other hands. In Whitelaw's History of Dublin it is stated to have been W. Mossop's last medal, which is not correct.

MEDALS OF THE FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- The larger medal represents a cow, bull, sheep, and pig of improved breeds, and a plough, inscribed, QUÆ CURA BOUM QUI CULTUS HABENDO SIT PECORI. In exergue, FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND INSTITUTED, MDCCC., ; and to left in field, MOSSOP. Reverse.-Blank centre; at top, STUDIUM QUIBUS ARVA TUERI, and below a copia and palm branch crossed by a sickle. Size, 2·2. Given in silver, and occasionally in gold, as a premium.

THE SMALLER MEDAL has a plough, and above, FARMING SOCIETY; below, OF IRELAND, INSTITUTED MDCCC. Reverse.-Wreaths of wheat and MEMBER FOR LIFE. Size, 1·4; struck in silver, and worn by the members of the society. The specimen I possess has the obverse struck from a die of Mossop's; and the reverse has his son's initials.

MERINO LAMB MEDAL.- I have seen this only with W. S. Mossop's name.

NAVAN FARMING SOCIETY.- Two bulls' faces; the upper one, having a wreath of shamrocks and corn, represents a bull of the improved breed; the lower one, a bull of the old stock. Reverse.- NAVAN FARMING SOCIETY. In centre - CROPS TO INCREASE AND CATTLE TO IMPROVE AND TO BENEFIT THE POOR. Underneath-INSTITUTED MDCCC. Said to have been made 1802. Size, 2·2.

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IRISH ORDNANCE MEDAL.- A shield emblazoned with three cannon balls and three cannon; at the sides, flags and war-like devices; above, the harp and royal crown, with palm and laurel wreaths, inscribed, ORDNANCE, and beneath the shield, Mossop.

I believe this medal was first struck with a blank reverse and afterwards the royal arms were added, having above the crown a lion, and beneath a ribbon, with the usual motto, MOSSOP FECIT. The reverse essentially consists of a replica of the royal arms found upon Mossop's Orange Medal; but the ribbon is altogether different. Size, 1·7. Struck in silver and bronze, with ring for suspension. I possess a silver seal, with the arms of the Irish Ordnance Department, similar to the above medal, which is likewise evidently the work of Mossop.
 

WILLIAM STEPHEN MOSSOP.

WILLIAM STEPHEN MOSSOP, JUNIOR, was born in Dublin in 1788, and educated at the academy of Samuel White, where several distinguished Dublin men received their early training. He was, in 1802, placed in the Art Schools of the Royal Dublin Society, under Mr. Francis West, the master of the Figure School, and became afterwards his private pupil until the unexpected death of his father obliged him, at the age of sixteen years, to commence practising his future profession for a livelihood. His first work was a medal for the Incorporated Society for Promoting Charter Schools in Ireland, which he began under his father's directions, and it was finished soon after, before he was seventeen years of age. His art studies were resumed for a time under Mr. West; and, in 1806, young Mossop was commissioned by the Farming Society of Ireland to prepare a medal for their shows, which was likewise intended to be worn as a badge by their life members. In 1810 he designed and struck a large-sized medal to commemorate the fiftieth year of the reign of George III., and in 1813 received the premium offered by the Society of Arts for a die intended for a school medal. This was afterwards purchased from him by the Feinaglian Institute and employed as their premium medal. In the succeeding year (1814) he competed again, with success, in accordance with an advertisement of the Society of Arts, who promised to purchase the die, but afterwards neglected to do so. The design which he prepared was a fine head of Vulcan.

Mossop followed the process adopted by his father when designing the model of the future metal die he intended to engrave, using a preparation of bees-wax, melted and softened with turpentine, coloured white by the addition of flake white, or brown with oxide of iron. He spread this tempered wax upon a piece of glass or slate, adding and working in successive portions until the design was completed to his satisfaction. Several models prepared by him in this manner are in my possession, which evince his skilful manipulation and freedom of touch. With the care of a genuine artist, when the human figure was intended to be reproduced, he, as a preliminary stage, represented it in a nude condition, to secure a natural and correct rendering of the postures and relative measurements of the individual parts; afterwards the needful draperies and other accessory embellishments were added and worked over. Such models were made

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upon a scale that afforded a design of larger size than the die which was intended to be engraved. They were plotted into squares of equal measurement, and so transferred with accuracy to the metallic surface, similar to the well-known method adopted by painters. Thus the perfect medal was finished from a well-considered model, though the artist did not carry out in all instances his primary ideas after a servile manner, for I find some of his medals to differ in detail from the wax design, and the alterations were usually improvements as well.

Mossop was nominated secretary to the Royal Hibernian Academy when it was founded, and held office during his lifetime. He died in 1827, after an attack of mental aberration-another in the long list of those artists whose minds have suffered from incessant brain work and the anxieties inseparable from the pursuit of their profession when wanting the recompense of adequate patronage.

About seven years before his death he contemplated preparing a series of forty medals to represent the portraits of distinguished Irishmen. He completed the first medal of the set, that of Henry Grattan, and worked out almost perfectly four others, namely, Ussher, Charlemont, Swift, and Sheridan; but the inscriptions with their names were not added, and the dies remained for several years without being hardened. At length they passed into the possession of Mr. J. Woodhouse, who annealed them with complete success, the designs having by good fortune remained intact and in perfect condition since they left the hands of Mossop. Another medal, it is stated, was modelled by him, which I have seen no impression of, namely, "Hercules slaying the Hydra." The heads of the hydra in this design were reported to represent those of three prominent political agitators in Dublin. The medal he made for the Rifle Brigade is described for the first time from an unique example in my possession.

Mossop left some valuable designs cast in plaster of Paris. Mr. Woodhouse purchased them, and kindly gave me accurate impressions of all the artist's works. Certain of these casts reproduce the models he prepared for his Irish portrait medals: one represents the original design for his prize medal of Vulcan, and a few have no relation to any of his completed dies. He was employed like his father in preparing the seals of different corporate bodies and public boards, and some of the designs he prepared for this purpose are works of artistic value, and well executed; but no list of these seals has yet appeared. The following imperfect record of such as have fallen under my own observation is subjoined:-

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, WATERFORD.- Hibernia, standing erect, with shield and rudder. This is a carefully finished work of oval form, about 1½ inche in height. The wax model, which is different in some of its accessories from the finished seal, is 3½ inches high; it is composed of brown-coloured wax, worked on a piece of common slate. This model is in my possession.

CORK INSTITUTION, MDCCCVII.- A large-sized seal, nearly two inches in diameter. The design represents Hibernia helmetted, standing erect, and holding a wreath, surrounded by various emblems of art and manufactures. The model which I have differs in certain slight details from the seal itself.

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COUNTY OF SLIGO INFIRMARY, 1813.- Having a view of the building.

IRISH MEDICAL OFFICE.- With harp and crown.

IRISH TREASURY AND SUB-TREASURERS, Seals.

WATERFORD HARBOUR COMMISSIONERS.

DERRY CORPORATION SEAL.

STRABANE CORPORATION.- "Strabanienses Incorporati, 20th Sept., 1612." The arms are "A naked man rowing a coracle, and three heraldic castles."

77TH REGIMENT.- This seal resembles the regimental medal which Mossop struck.

RICHMOND LUNATIC ASYLUM.- An elevation of the building, and above it, the sun, "Post Tenebras Lux." The seal measures two inches in diameter.

Mr. LA TOUCHE.- A portrait in an oval seal, similar to the portrait on Mr. La Touche's medal.

EPISCOPAL SEAL, WITH ARMS.- "Jacobus Episcopus Ardaghadensis."

EPISCOPAL SEAL, WITH ARMS.- "Petrus Waldron D. G. Episcopus Alladensis."

PRUSSIAN CONSULATE.

UNITED STATES CONSULATE.

COMMANDING OFFICER OF ROYAL ARTILLERY IN IRELAND.

Mr. J. Woodhouse has impressions of almost all these seals in wax.

THE SEAL OF THE BENCHERS OF KING'S INNS was, I believe, the work of the elder Mossop. It bears "Hen. Oct. R. Statuit, 1542. Art. Chichester, M. C., Restituit, 1607." In the centre is a shield, with open book, inscribed, "Nolumus Mutari," and above, "1792." On a ribbon, "Iohan. Bar. Fitzgibbon. Redintegravit," and the words, "Mossop FECIT." This fine seal measures 2½ inches in diameter. He appears also to have executed;-

THE SEAL OF THE REVENUE LYING-IN-HOSPITAL.- This represents three young children and a female, who nurses them, seated on raised steps. "Nosocomium Puerperarum, Dubliniensis, MDCCLVII."

The following steel dies of Mr. Mossop, jun., are preserved in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy :-

Obverse and reverse dies of the small medals of William III.

Obverse and reverse dies of Richard Wogan Talbot's medal.

Obverse and reverse dies of George IV.'s medal, the reverse representing the royal arms. Also a "hubb" for the head of George IV.

Obverse and reverse of George III.'s coronation medal.

Obverse of the heads of the "Three Georges." Commemorating the centenary of the House of Hanover.

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Several steel dies of the Mossops, father and son, are owned by Mr. J. Woodhouse, and are, as a rule, still preserved in good condition. I mention them under the special medals described by me.
 

MEDALS MADE BY W. S. MOSSOP, JUNIOR.

INCORPORATED SOCIETY FOR CHARTER SCHOOLS IN IRELAND.- A figure of Industry seated, with bee-hives. Reverse.-A shield, in the upper part an open bible, and the lower divided; to the right a spinning-wheel, and to the left a plough, pick-axe, and shovel. The motto, RELIGIONE ET LABORE. On a ribbon beneath, PAVPERIBVS EVANGELIVM. Size, 1·6.

There is a bronze proof in the Royal Irish Academy. The reverse die is in Mr. Woodhouse's possession; of this I have a lead impression.

The Incorporated Society was originated by Dr. Maule, Bishop of Dromore, and afterwards of Meath. It was incorporated by George II. in 1733. The reverse of the medal is copied from the seal of the society, of which an engraving occurs in a printed sermon preached in 1779, in Dublin. This medal was the first work which young Mossop tried. he commenced it before his father's death, and it was completed soon after, about the year 1806. It bears no artist's name.

MEDALS OF THE FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- No. 1., A plough, with inscription, FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND. In exergue, INSTITUTED MDCCC., and in small letters W. S. MOSSOP. Reverse.-A wreath of corn, with MEMBER FOR LIFE. Size, 1·4. Struck in silver about 1806, and intended to have the member's name engraved.

I have similar medals in silver and bronze, with larger-sized lettering, and without artist's initials; the reverse having the wreath, but the words "Member for life" are engraved.

No.2. A merino ram and plough, with W. S. MOSSOP, F. Reverse.-A corn wreath with blank centre, inscribed, FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND. and below W. M. Size, 1·6.

I have a bronze proof; it was struck in silver and gold as a prize medal. It is described as Mossop's fourth medal in Mr. Gilbert's List.

No.3. A farmer is represented as having unyoked a pair of oxen from a plough, and driving them away; in the distance is a windmill; inscribed, FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND; and in exergue, INCORPORATED MDCCCXV. In small letters to left, MOSSOP. Reverse.-Blank.

A fine oval medal, measuring 3·2 by 2·1, of which Mr. J. Woodhouse has the die, from whom I obtained an impression in white metal. There is a bronze proof in the Royal Irish Academy.

MEDAL TO COMMEMORATE THE FIFTIETH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF GEORGE III.- Fine bust of the king, with Collar and George. To right, GEORGIVS III. D. G. BRITANNIARVM REX; and on the arm, W. S. MOSSOP. Reverse.-Victory inscribing a column, with the names of battles. Motto, MATVROS LARGIMVR HONORES. In exergue, L (for 50 years), surrounded by a coiled serpent, the emblem of eternity, and compassed by rays. W. S. M. FECIT. Size, 1·8. Struck in bronze in 1809. Both dies are preserved in the Royal Irish Academy.

I possess the original bust, modelled in wax, which Mossop made.

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He employed it as a model for various impressed stamps for bills and legal documents, executed for the Board of Revenue of Ireland, impressions of which are in the possession of the Royal Irish Academy.

KILDARE FARMING SOCIETY.- A farmyard with cattle; inscribed, KILDARE FARMING SOCIETY; in exergue, 1813; and to the right, MOSSOP. Reverse.-Blank centre, with wreaths of corn and shamrocks. Size, 2·3. In bronze in Royal Irish Academy.

This medal was often re-worked for similar associations by Mossop, and after his death by Jones.

CENTENARY MEDAL OF THE HOUSE OF HANOVER.- The busts of the three Georges superimposed, to right. Motto, THE ILLUSTRIOUS HOUSE OF HANOVER; and beneath the busts, 100 YEARS ON THE THRONE OF GT. BRITAIN AUGUST 12 1814 N.S.; on the arm of George I., MOSSOP F. Reverse.-A figure of female, draped and seated, with mural crown, representing Dublin. Beneath her is a copia, lion reposing, and Irish harp; she holds with one hand a medallion of the Prince Regent, inscribed G. P. R.; and in the other hand, raised, has an olive branch; in front, the sun rising over the ocean, and behind a ship; in exergue, the arms of Dublin on a shield, and on the sides, MOSSOP FECIT. Size, 2·1. Struck in silver, bronze, and white metal.

The obverse die is in the Royal Irish Academy, and the reverse in Mr. J. Woodhouse's possession.

HEAD OF VULCAN.- An unpublished piece, without inscription, consisting of a braided head, with cap. To right, in front, a hammer. Size, 1·6.

A lead proof is found in the Royal Irish Academy collection. The plaster cast of the original design is owned by Mr. Woodhouse, to whom I am indebted for an impression, also in plaster. It was prepared for the Society of Arts, London, to compete for their prize. They promised to purchase the die, but neglected doing so, giving Mossop only a premium for it.

DANIEL O'CONNELL.- Bust, draped to waist; inscribed. DANIEL O'CONNELL 1816, and marked W. S. M. F. Reverse.-Wreaths of oak leaves and shamrocks. And within, in three lines, ERIN MA VOURNEEN. Size, 2·0.

According to Mossop's own statement, this medal was undertaken in 1816, and totally failed to recompense him for the labour of making it, although it was an excellent likeness. The medal possesses special interest from its historic associations. It represents the first medallic portrait struck of O'Connell, and was taken during the earlier period of his political career. Some years after it was re-issued, with the inscription altered to DANL. O'CONNELL, M.P. Mr. Woodhouse has the reverse die, and Mossop's portrait of O'Connell in wax. I consider the medal was made in haste, as it cannot be considered equal to many of Mossop's portraits in artistic finish. It is met in bronze and white metal.

FEINAGLIAN INSTITUTION.- Minerva leads a youth to receive a palm branch from Justice, behind whom is introduced a Cupid. A pillar between the principal figures bears the name of MOSSOP. Inscription,

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MERENTI, and in exergue, PERGE, AGE, VINCE. Reverse.-Outside, a laurel wreath, INSTITUTUM FEINAGLIANVN LVXEMBVRGI. In centre of wreath, PUBLICA IN COLL TRIN DVB ADMISSIONE PRIMAS FERENTI. Space for name and date to be engraved. Size, 1·6. In bronze in Royal Irish Academy. I have a white metal proof. Mossop obtained from the Society of Arts their premium for this medal.

The die was subsequently purchased for a school premium by the Feinaglian Institution, and Mossop was paid £40 for engraving it.

No.2. A smaller medal. Minerva seated with owl, books, &c.; inscribed, MERIT HAS ITS REWARD; and bearing, in small letters, MOSSOP. Reverse.-A blank centre, with FEINAGLIAN INSTITUTION FOUNDED 15TH SEPTEMBER, 1823. Size, 1·5. This is the ordinary school medal, of which I have a fine bronze proof, and also one in white metal.

No.3. A medal with similar obverse, and on reverse a laurel wreath, without inscription. Size, 1·5. Used for an ordinary school medal.

No.4. IRISH SOCIETY SCHOOL, COLERAINE.- Similar to last in obverse, and having the reverse inscribed, THE HONBLE. THE IRISH SOCIETIES' FEMALE SCHOOL COLERAINE. Size, 1·7. The specimen I have is in white metal.

CORK INSTITUTION MEDAL.- Man with horses and farm implements, plough, harrow, &c. marked CORK INSTITUTION, and under the edge of harrow MOSSOP. F. In the exergue, MDCCCVII. Reverse. - Blank, With olive wreath. Size, 2·0. This was made by Mossop for the Directors of the Cork Institution, who considered his price too high. The silver proof he forwarded to Cork is still preserved. I have an impression in bronze, and a proof in white metal. Mossop must have subsequently utilized the die, as it is much worn. It is in Mr. Woodhouse's possession. It was made in 1817.

NORTH OF IRELAND SOCIETY.- A head of Pallas in high relief, inscribed with the words ARTS, AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES, and marked, "MOSSOP." Reverse.-A blank centre, with olive wreath; and outside, NORTH-WEST OF IRELAND SOCIETY. Size, 1·8. A fine medal; struck about 1822. I have a bronze proof, and a plaster impression from the original model for the head of Pallas.

DUBLIN SOCIETY MEDAL.- Hibernia seated on a square pedestal, with helmet and spear to right; behind is a shield, with Irish harp; she holds a Copia with flowers, and her foot rests on a bundle of fasces. On base of pedestal is MOSSOP. F. Motto, NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS.

In medals made before the visit of George IV. to Ireland; the appellation Royal Dublin Society would not be employed; afterwards in exergue is, ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY, INCORPORATED 1749. The earlier medals, with this inscription, have a simple edge, and later ones are reticulated. Struck in large numbers for premiums in all metals. Size, 1·8.

LARGE WELLINGTON MEDAL.- A fine profile portrait of the head of Wellington to left. Reverse.-Fame represented as a winged angel, draped, placing a wreath of victory on the head of a seated warrior; behind him is his shield, and a Roman sword, with its point downwards, hangs from his hand. Inscription, WATERLOO, JUNE.

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This uncompleted work of Mossop is a fine example of medallic art. It measures 2·7. The dies remained unfinished, and were not hardened until long after the artist's death; he only struck a few soft white metal proofs, and the obverse unpolished die still retains the intersecting ruled lines laid down for transferring the portrait from the model in wax. When Mr. Woodhouse obtained possession of the dies he hardened them with special precaution, and I obtained a proof impression, struck in bronze. The original design for the head of Wellington, which Mossop made in wax, is also in my possession. The medal has no trace of the artist's name.

MEDALLET OF WELLINGTON.- A minute medallet in silver, with portrait, inscribed, DUKE OF WELLINGTON, and having under the neck, MOSSOP, was made about 1815. The reverse has a wreath of laurel and shamrocks enclosing the word WATERLOO. Underneath is the name WEST. Size, ·4. The dies were prepared for a well-known silversmith, Mr. West of Skinner's-row, Dublin. I fear they are lost. This little medal is rarely met with.

ORDER OF MERIT OF 22ND CHESHIRE REGIMENT.- A view of Windsor Castle, in front of which a figure of George III. stands, receiving one of the regimental medals from a kneeling officer. It is inscribed, ESTABLISHED UNDER ROYAL SANCTION, 1785, and in smaller letters, MOSSOP F. Reverse.- ORDER OF MERIT 22ND REGIMENT and two small branches of oak; within these, RE-ESTABLISHED BY COL SIR H GOUGH 1st JANUARY 1820. Size, 1·5. Struck in silver and bronze, with clasp for ribbon.

The "Reward for Military Virtue," or "Order of Merit," was instituted by Colonel Crosbie in 1785, in recognition of good service. He distributed medals of silver gilt, of silver, and of bronze, according to the different grade the soldier had attained. The original design represented a warrior crowned by Hercules. George III. having accepted one of these medals at Windsor, from Colonel Crosbie, the circumstance was commemorated in the subsequent design by Mossop. The obverse die is in Mr. J. Woodhouse's possession.

77TH REGIMENTAL MEDAL.- A Prince of Wales' plume rising from a coronet, and on ribbon, ICH DIEN; below, the numbers 77, surrounded by laurel branches, bearing a ribbon inscribed, PENINSULA. Reverse.-Blank, with laurel wreaths. The centre was intended to have the name of its owner engraved, with the battles he had been engaged in. Size, 1·5. Made about 1818. Mr. Woodhouse has the die, and a wax impression from an oval seal, engraved similar to the obverse of the medal.

MEDAL OF THE RIFLE BRIGADE.- A rifleman kneeling and shooting to right; inscribed, RIFLE BRIGADE; underneath are two laurel branches. Reverse.-Wreaths of laurel rise from a pendant Maltese cross, which hangs from an eight-rayed sun in centre; this bears a round garter inscribed, MARKSMAN; near the edge, "MOSSOP." Size, 1·3. Bronze, silvered. This medal is undescribed, and must be very rare. The edge of the example in my possession is inscribed, SERJ JOHN REAKS. The original design prepared by Mossop, in red wax, for his figure of the rifleman is in my possession; it is slightly damaged. A seal representing a similar kneeling figure is still used by some of the officers of this regiment

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SIR CHARLES GIESECKE.- Portrait in high relief to right, marked on neck, MOSSOP F. Inscribed C. L. GIESECKE EQV AVRAT. MIN. PR0F S HON S.D.A. HIB. RS., &c. Reverse.- An arctic sea, with icebergs and spouting whale; in front, land with basaltic columns, and a Polar bear. Motto, HYEMES VII SUB ARCTO TOLERAVIT INGENTI NATURÆ PERCULSUS AMORE. In exergue, MDCCCXVII. Size, 1·8. In bronze.

Sir Charles Giesecke, after spending several years in Greenland, gathering a valuable collection of minerals, had the misfortune to lose them all, by their capture in a Danish brig, which was seized by a British vessel during the war. When sold in Edinburgh, a quantity of them were purchased by the Dublin Society, who were desirous of enriching their museum, and they had the justice to acknowledge Giesecke's claims, and so far as they could, make some compensation for his unjust treatment, by appointing him professor of mineralogy, and director of the museum, which offices he filled for many years. This medal was struck by the Dublin Society in his honour, and as an acknowledgment of his services.

COLONEL TALBOT.- Bust, with draped shoulders to right marked on arm, MOSSOP F. Inscribed, RICHARD WOGAN TALBOT ESQ^r THE PEOPLES CHOICE Reverse.- Inscription around exterior - THE MEMBER INCORRUPTIBLE. THE CONSTITUENTS GRATEFUL. In centre - THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE COUNTY OF DUBLIN PRESERVED 28th OF MARCH 1820. Size, 1·8. The dies are in the Royal Irish Academy. I have the original wax model designed by Mossop and also a copy of the plaster cast made before preparing the metallic work ; it measures three inches in diameter. Mossop states, with bitter feeling, that "This medal was undertaken with promises of support which were not realized." The portrait is well finished and in high relief.

RIGHT HON. HENRY GRATTAN.- Bust, with draped shoulders to right; in high relief, HENRICUS GRATTAN, and on the arm Mossop. Reverse.- Wreaths of laurel and Irish yew, twined with shamrocks. In centre- PRO PATRIA ET VIVERE ET MORI. Underneath, in small letters, NATVS | DUB: 1746, OB. LOND: 1820. Size, 1·7. Struck in bronze; impressions in white metal sometimes occur.

This medal was struck in 1821. Mossop designed that it should form the commencement of a series representing the portraits of distinguished Irishmen, and of these he contemplated executing forty at least. This was the only one finished of the entire number of which he hardened the dies and struck impressions. He prepared four others and almost completed them- Swift, Ussher, Charlemont, and Sheridan-but they were left without inscriptions, and when obtained by Mr. J. Woodhouse the steel dies were not annealed; hence the few impressions Mossop took from his soft dies were in white metal, and must be considered artist's proofs: they are few in number and seldom obtainable. I have a perfect set; and Mr. Woodhouse having successfully completed the process of hardening, I got bronze examples likewise. All these medals are fine works of art and rank high as illustrations of Mossop's ability.

ARCHBISHOP USSHER.- Bust of the Archbishop to right, with close-fitting skull-cap, large ruff and gown. On the arm "MOSSOP." No inscription. Size, 1·7. Struck in white metal by Mossop; and from the

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hardened die a few impressions in bronze were taken by Mr. J. Woodhouse. I have also a copy of the plaster cast made from Mossop's wax model, it measures in diameter three inches.

DEAN SWIFT.- The portrait of the Dean in high relief to right, with gown and bands. No inscription. Size, 1·7. in white metal; a few proofs made by Mossop. Mr. Woodhouse, after hardening the die, struck two or three bronze impressions, of which I have one, and also a replica of the plaster cast made from of the original wax model, of similar diameter to Archbishop Ussher's. The portrait is a close copy from one of the marble busts of the Dean, probably from that in the Library of Trinity College or that placed over his tomb in St. Patrick's Cathedral, in 1776, by Faulkner, the printer of his works. The artist's name does not appear on this medal.

RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN.- The portrait is represented almost full-face, inclining to the left side. It represents a classically draped bust, and has neither the names of Sheridan nor of Mossop. Size, 1·7. This and the portrait of Walker on the Derry Medal are the exceptional instances in which Mossop portrayed full-faced likenesses, and they are both deserving of commendation. Similar to the rest of the series, I have Mossop's white metal proof and the bronze impression struck by Mr. Woodhouse, who possesses the die.

LORD CHARLEMONT.- He is represented side-face, and only the head and neck are shown to left. It has neither Lord Charlemont's nor Mossop's name. Size, 1·7. The portrait is cut with much delicacy and skill. Similar to the rest of the series, I have Mossop's white metal proof and the bronze impression, and also a copy of the original plaster cast from the wax model.

VISIT OF GEORGE IV TO IRELAND.- The king's head in high relief, crowned with laurel wreaths to left. On the neck, MOSSOP FECIT. Inscription, GEORGIVS IV D G BRIT ET HIBERNIÆ REX F D. Reverse.- The city of Dublin, represented as a female wearing the civic crown, and holding a harp and copia, is viewing a kneeling child engaged in setting fire to a pile of Roman armour; behind her is an altar with straight sides and flames burning at top. The motto is ADVENIT REX CONCORDAT CIVITAS. In the exergue, the City arms, with Cap of Maintenance, sword and mace, MDCCCXXI, and in small letters, MOSSOP. Size, 1·8. I have an impression in white metal; it was also struck in silver; and a single medal was made in gold, which was presented to George IV. The bust is a reproduction of that which Nollekins executed. After a few impressions were struck the reverse die became cracked and broken, hence the impressions are rare and seldom met with.

No.2. A slightly different reverse was then engraved. In this the altar is conical, and the armour, instead of being Roman, is represented as early English chain armour; the helmet being Irish in form. The exergue has the date of the king's landing in Ireland, xii AVG MDCCCXXI. Size as before. Bronze and silver medals were struck. The reverse die is in Mr. Woodhouse's possession, and was copied by him for his medal commemorating the visit of Queen Victoria to Ireland in 1849. The copy is distinguished by bearing his name.

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No.3. Obverse as before. The reverse has a long inscription, PRODUCED FROM THE ORE OF THE MINE OF TIGRONEY IN THE COUNTY OF WICKLOW & WHICH IS WORKED BY THE PROPRIETOR IS HUMBLY PRESENTED FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF HIS MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY AS A SPECIMEN OF IRISH MINERALOGY BY HIS MAJESTYS DEVOTED SUBJECT THOMAS RYDER PEPPER. Size, 1·8.

About 34 medals were struck with this strange inscription. There is one in the collection of the Royal Irish Academy. His Majesty's taste for "Irish mineralogy" was better illustrated by his retaining possession of the largest piece of native gold found in Wicklow, when it was exhibited to him. This specimen is understood to have been subsequently melted down.

No.4. A medal, inscribed within a wreath of shamrocks, CAPPAGH COPPERMINES COUNTY OF CORK. Reverse as last; in the exergue, XII AVG MDCCCXXI.

No.5. STRUCK FOR THE ORANGE ASSOCIATION.- The king's head as described. Reverse.- The Royal Arms and supporters, with a lion above the motto, KING AND CONSTITUTION; and in small letters, MOSSOP FECIT. Size as before.

This model usually occurs struck in silver. Both dies for this medal are in the Royal Irish Academy, and a "hubb" for the head of George IV. This is one of the hybrid medals termed "mules." The king's head belonging to the commemoration medal by Mossop, junior, and the reverse is taken from an old orange medal of his father's.

CLUB OF APPRENTICE BOYS OF DERRY.- A portrait, almost full-faced, representing Rev. George Walker, to left, he is represented in armour, over which are placed his robes. Inscription, GEORGE WALKER DEFENDER OF DERRY. 1688. Underneath, in small letters, MOSSOP. Reverse.- The City gate is shown with the Royal standard displayed. The besieged are issuing for a sortie, and the enemy in flight, with their standard-bearer, &c.; in the distance the relief vessels are seen sailing up the lough above is, NO SURRENDER; in the exergue, in small letters, APPRENTICE BOYS OF DERRY CLUB FOUNDED 1814. Under the city tower is the artist's name, MOSSOP. F. Size, 1·7. Struck in bronze and silver.

The portrait of Walker is copied from a painting of Kneller's, which gives a three-quarter view of the face. The dies are the property of the club, and were for many years in possession of Major Blacker, of Castle Blacker, Portadown. I have a proof medal struck in bronze on an extra thick flange of metal; also a casting well executed in gun or bell metal, and the original wax design for the reverse die, made by Mossop, representing the gate of Derry.

A medal has recently been struck in England, representing Walker's portrait, but with a totally different reverse. It occurs in soft white metal.

ORANGE ASSOCIATION.- Mossop gives the following account of these medals in his brief memoir. "The dies made by my father having been destroyed by rust, I was engaged to make fresh dies in 1817. The medals from my dies are generally struck in Britannia metal, though sometimes in silver and bronze. My father's medals were mostly struck in silver, though some were made in copper and gilt."

No.1. A reproduction of his father's medal. Size, 1·8.

No.2. A bust of William III. in armour, crowned with laurel, marked beneath, MOSSOP. Inscription, THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY.

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Reverse like No. 1: The royal arms and supporters, with lion above the Crown, KING AND CONSTITUTION, and the artist's name in small letters. Size, 1·4. Struck in white metal, bronze, and silver.

No.3. Medal same as last. Reverse.- William is represented on horse, with marshal's staff stretched out. Inscription, THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY; and in exergue, MOSSOP F. Size, as last, and struck in similar metals.

These medals must have been largely issued for many years. There are sets of the dies in the Royal Irish Academy, and with Mr. Woodhouse, who also has the plaster impression of Mossop's original medal for the portrait of William, of which I possess a copy.

UNFINISHED MEDAL. No.1.- A draped figure of a female standing erect; the left hand stretched out; the right holds a cadaceus, with expanded wings, and twining serpents; a Copia at her feet. Size, 1·8.

This die was never completed or hardened. Mr. Woodhouse owns it. I have an impression taken in soft metal. The female figure is engraved also on a wax seal, made by Mossop for the Chamber of Commerce of the city of Waterford.

UNFINISHED MEDAL. No.2.- Erect draped female figure, holding a pair of scales, suspended with chains, in her left hand; her right has a long crosier-shaped staff. No artist's name.

I have a soft metal impression. Mr. Woodhouse has the die, size 1·3.

UNFINISHED MEDAL. No.3.- A draped female figure to left, one hand rests on a square altar, upon which is placed apparently a bee-hive; behind the figure is a plough to left; marked in exergue, "Mossop." Size, 1·6.

I have a soft metal impression, and also bronze, from the die which Mr. Woodhouse hardened.

There are some other wax models of both the Mossops, undescribed in these notes, which I possess. They do not illustrate their medals that were entirely or in part completed. I therefore refrain from giving a description of them. Some were obviously designed with the intention of being employed as models to be engraved in steel. From causes unknown the projects were deferred or abandoned.

I have recently found in a volume marked "Specimen Book," contained in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, and consisting of a miscellaneous collection of sketches, a series of impressed stamps, given by Mr. J. S. Cooper, Comptroller of the Stamp Office, Dublin, on April 7th, 1838, to the late Dean Dawson. These were executed for the Stamp Office by W. S. Mossop, and are good examples of die-sinking. They all represent the head of George III., similar to the portrait engraved on his medal. The series consists of twenty-two different stamps:-

For the Law Fund, for 4s., 10s., £20, £50.
Receipt Stamps, 4d., 3s., 5s.
Bill or Note Stamps, 6d., 8d., 1s.
Bill Stamps, 5s., 15s., 25s.
Protest Stamp, 10s.
Enrolment Stamp, £1.
Legacy Stamps, 10s. per cent., £2 per cent., £5 per cent.
"Ireland," 2s., 5s., £1, £5.

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THE MEDALLISTS OF IRELAND AND THEIR WORK

By WILLIAM FRAZER, F.R.C.S.I.,

Member of Council, Royal Irish Academy, &c.

[Continued from page 466.]

No. II. - THE WOODHOUSES.

WILLIAM WOODHOUSE and his son, John Woodhouse, have continuously carried on their work as medallists from about the year 1824 up to the present time. The father, William, was born in Dublin in 1805; he was the son of John Woodhouse, senior, a die-sinker and metal button manufacturer, residing at Lower Ormond-quay, who, after being trained in Birmingham, then as at present the great centre for such branches of trade, had settled in this city. For several years past the occupation of preparing metal buttons has almost disappeared from the list of our Irish manufactures. In the days of its prosperity, during the first quarter of this century, it was largely followed, and gave lucrative employment to more than one grade of workmen. Those men who engaged in the process of water-gilding, or coating dress buttons with gold dissolved in an amalgam of mercury, obtained exceptional high wages, but the occupation was most unhealthy and dangerous from the poisonous fumes of the mercury evolved by heat.

Young Woodhouse was educated in the Hardwicke-place School, and when of suitable age apprenticed in Birmingham to Mr. Halliday; he received training in drawing and design, which enabled him to compete for and gain the Duke of York's Prize from the London Society of Arts for a medal of Lord Byron, which was his first independent work. I possess a bronze impression of this medal, probably the only one remaining. The bust of Lord Byron is a work of no slight merit, well designed, and boldly executed. When a young lad, Woodhouse was fond of athletic sports, and proficient in the art of boxing, a branch of knowledge which, like metal button-making, has fallen into disuse. He was likewise a good horseman, and it is reported he even ran a race at Doncaster for the celebrated John Mitten of Alston, and won it, after the professional jockey engaged had lost the first heat. When he returned to settle in Dublin, his first employment was to prepare an official seal for the Corporation of Brewers, and through the influence of Mr. Robert Sutter, who belonged to that Corporation, he was admitted a freeman of the guild. He married a daughter of Mr. Richard Toomey, architect to the Corporation of Dublin, by whom he had five children. His eldest son, Mr. John Woodhouse, became his assistant, and continued his father's business when he retired from working as a medallist. The following description of the different medals he designed and struck will form the best record of his talent, industry, and success. So far as I can ascertain, the last work he was engaged in was a bust of O'Connell, made about the year 1847. After this time he left Dublin and resided in the country,

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relinquishing his artistic pursuits. He died December 6th, 1878, from an attack of congestive bronchitis, aged 73 years.

When retiring from the active duties of his profession, Mr. Woodhouse appears to have employed assistants, and his son speedily took up his father's unfinished work, completing, for instance, the die of the O'Connell medal; he also for a time continued to engrave his father's well-known name on some of his earlier works; hence we find certain signed medals appearing with dates subsequent to the time Mr. William Woodhouse had ceased to work at die-sinking. No doubt also several of the early dies which continued in demand were utilized for preparing medals subsequent to 1847. I regret to say that Mr. J. Woodhouse's protracted ill health has prevented his giving me accurate information about these alterations.

The size of the medals is given in proportions of an English inch and tenth of an inch.

MEDAL TO COMMEMORATE LORD BYRON.- Draped bust with open collar, to left; GEORGE GORDON BYRON, LORD BYRON; and in small letters on the shoulder, HALLIDAY F. Reverse.- A tomb inscribed, BYRON | NAT JAN 22 | 1788 | MORT APR 19 | 1824 ; on the right side a helmed warrior is represented with drooping sword, and to left an inverted smoking torch. The inscription, NOMEN FASTI MISCET SUIS GRÆCIA MEMOR. Under the torch a small W, and in the exergue, MISSOLONGHI.

Size, 1·5 of an English inch. I possess a bronze proof impression, as the medal was struck for competition by Mr. Woodhouse when still an apprentice of Mr. Halliday's in Birmingham, for the Duke of York Prize, which he obtained, it is exceptionally rare. So far as I can ascertain, my specimen is unique.

MEDALLET OF GEORGE IV.- The head on this pretty medallet is an accurate replica copied from the sovereign issued in 1825, which was made by Merlin after the bust of Chantrey, with short hair and bare neck, so that it is quite undistinguishable from the head on the current coin. It is inscribed, GEORGE IV KING OF GREAT BRITAIN. Reverse.- The harp with crown surrounded by a wreath of shamrocks.

Size, ·9, struck in copper and gilt. I believe this medallet in my possession is quite unique. It was a juvenile effort at die-sinking, and at the time it was made a strict surveillance was kept on die-sinkers to prevent attempts at forgery of coin. Whilst praising its execution the inspector broke the die, and cautioned its fabricator not to copy the king's head again. I received this traditional story with the medallet; it might, without difficulty, be mistaken for a sovereign.

EDWARD SMITH, ESQ.- Draped bust to the right represented three-quarter face ; inscription, EDWARD SMITH ESQ^R ; underneath in small letters, WOODHOUSE FECIT. Reverse inscribed, SCULPTOR | OF THE FIGURES &c | WHICH ADORN MANY OF | THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS | IN THE CITY OF DUBLIN | BORN 1749 | DIED 1812.

Size, 1·75. I have a fine bronze proof. The portrait is a highly creditable piece of modelling, and preserves for us the appearance of a distinguished Irish artist.

Edward Smith was born in the county Meath; his father was a

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captain in the army; and the son's decided taste for art led to his being apprenticed to Simon Verpoyle, an Italian settled in Dublin, whose best claim to remembrance is that he was Smith's master. The first work which he executed on commencing his public career was a fine statue of Dr. Lucas in white marble, made in the year 1772, preserved in the City Hall, Cork Hill. This spirited figure, which is said to be a striking likeness of Lucas, procured for the artist abundance of reputation, but obtained for him slight patronage, for until 1802 he had little occupation beyond making chimney-pieces and ornamental designs. When James Gandon, the architect, arrived in Dublin he at once recognized Smith's talents, and availed himself of his skill, setting him to work at modelling twelve figures to represent the principal rivers in Ireland, for decorating the new Custom House, which was then in process of being erected. For the portico of the Four Courts he made figures of Justice, Clemency, Mercy, Minerva, and Moses, all works of special merit; also two caryatid figures and two groups in bas-relief for the King's Inns. His last public employment was to prepare the corbels, heads for keystones, and cherubs' heads, cut in black marble, for ornamenting the Chapel Royal in the Castle of Dublin. These he did not live to complete, but they were ably finished after his designs by his son, who also succeeded him in the mastership of the School of Sculpture founded by the exertions of the Dublin Society. Smith likewise made the figure of Saint Andrew crucified, which decorated the exterior of the Round Church, St. Andrew-street (erected on the site of the old Danish Thingmote of the city of Dublin), until the destruction of that church by fire ; and the three figures which are placed on the south front of the Bank of Ireland.

The Mossops, both father and son, enjoyed the friendship and assistance of Edward Smith in prosecuting their art as medallists; it is therefore appropriate that his portrait and name should be preserved and appear on the list of our special Irish medals.

FRANCIS JOHNSTON, P.R.H.A.- Medal thus inscribed around head, which looks to left : underneath in minute letters, W WOODHOUSE FECIT. The reverse is inscribed around edge, ROYAL HIBERNIAN ACADEMY | INCORPORATED BY CHARTER MDCCCXXIV ; and in the centre, ACADEMY HOUSE | ERECTED AT THE EXPENSE | OF WILLIAM JOHNSTON ESQ^R| MDCCXXIV. Struck in bronze. Size, 1·7. Around the edge of one of these medals which I have is inscribed in raised letters, PRIZE MEDAL ROYAL IRISH ART UNION 1843.

Mr. Johnston was born in the North of Ireland. When residing in Armagh he erected the Cathedral Tower; and afterwards, on removing to Dublin, he completed the Chapel Royal, designed St. George's Church in 1802; the Cashier's Office in the Bank of ireland in 1804; the Dublin Post Office in 1807, and the Richmond Penitentiary. He acquired a large fortune from his profession, and munificently endowed the Royal Hibernian Academy, by erecting their Academy house in Lower Abbey-street at an expense of £14,000. He died in 1829.

Before the year 1823 the Exhibitions of works of Irish artists had undergone repeated changes, from William-street to Hawkins-street and College-green, all unsuitable localities, from deficient accommodation. They now obtained a Royal Charter, and through the liberality of Mr. Johnston, their president, were presented with an appropriate building

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for holding their annual exhibitions. His widow augmented this valuable donation by adding a gallery for sculpture, fitted to contain a collection of casts from the antique, presented by the Marquis of Anglesea. This gallery was likewise utilized as a school for Art students, until Sir Thomas Jones, out of his private means, placed a spacious room at their disposal, well suited for their requirements, where free instruction is afforded to all persons capable of availing themselves of it. One silver and two bronze medals are annually given, along with other valuable rewards, and lectures are delivered during each session by the President and Professors on subjects relating to Art.

VERY REVEREND DEAN DAWSON.- Bust to left, robed as Chancellor to the Knights of St. Patrick. Inscribed, THE VERY REV^D HENRY RICHARD DAWSON D.S.P.D. ; and underneath, in minute letters, W WOODHOUSE FECIT. The reverse design represents a tomb with allegorical figures lamenting ; there are two adults, an aged man, and children. In exergue, OB OCT XXIV | MDCCCXL ; and at the sides, WOODHOUSE F DUBLIN. Size, 1·7. A few medals are met struck in silver; it is oftener seen in bronze, and I have a white metal proof taken from the dies before striking the ordinary impressions. I must confess I do not like the portrait on this medal.

Dean Dawson was a distinguished antiquary, whose valuable collection of coins, medals, and Irish antiquities, were purchased for upwards of £1,000 for the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy. He was a younger son of Arthur Dawson, Esq., of Castle Dawson, county Londonderry, a member of the Irish Parliament. His valuable memoir on our Irish medallists and other works in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy contain a large amount of valuable information. After his death the Irish Art Union, in 1842, to encourage the manufacture of Irish medals and medallic art in Ireland, gave Mr. Woodhouse a prize of £20 for the dies of this medal, the reverse of which was designed by I. Burton, Esq. They issued twenty-five impressions, struck in silver obtained from Irish mines, and several made in bronze as Art Prizes, Stewart Blacker, Esq., being secretary.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.- Draped bust to left, inscribed with Goldsmith's name, and on the arm, in small letters, WOODHOUSE FCT. Reverse.- Wreaths of olive and palm, with the words, BORN 10^th NOV^R 1728 | DIED 4^th April | 1774. Size, 1·75. I possess a fine proof struck in white metal. This medal was also made for the Dublin Art Union, and, the original dies having broken, Mr. Woodhouse prepared a replica, which his son completed, with the view of its being adopted by the Goldsmith Club. The intention was not carried out.

PETER PURCELL, ESQ.- Bust to right, with inscription of name beneath, in small letters, W WOODHOUSE FECIT. Reverse represents a cenotaph with urn; at the sides are seated children, one bearing a sheaf of wheat and the other a wheel ; the cenotaph is inscribed, BORN 1788 | DIED 1846. in larger letters around border is, ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND 1841. In the exergue in small letters appears the artist's name Size, 2·05. The medal in my possession is struck in bronze.

The portrait is well executed; it commemorates one of Ireland's true patriots. Mr. Purcell was engaged for many years in carrying the mails by coach through Ireland, and became principal originator of the

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Royal Agricultural Society, which accomplished so much in promoting agriculture by holding provincial exhibitions, and its system of giving prizes. This Society, after a long and honourable career is merging its efforts into those of the Royal Dublin Society.

WILLIAM DARGAN, ESQ.- The head looks to right; behind is engraved DARGAN, and W W F in small capitals upon the neck. Reverse.- A representation of the Exhibition Building, erected on the Leinster Lawn, opposite to Merrion-square, on the grounds of the Royal Dublin Society; above this is inscribed, GREAT INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION | IN CONNEXION WITH THE ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY. In the exergue, ERECTED AT THE SOLE EXPENSE | OF WILLIAM DARGAN | OPENED THE 12^th MAY 1853 | SIR J BENSON ARCH^T; and in smaller letters, WOODHOUSE, F. Size, 1·75. The reverse die having broken, it was re-engraved. This repetition is recognized by the artist's name appearing as W WOODHOUSE F. I have a white metal impression of the first die, and a bronze proof taken from the second.

William Dargan, born 1799, died 1867. He constructed most of the leading lines of railways in Ireland, and accumulated a large fortune. His patronage of this Exhibition, whilst of great benefit to Ireland, and particularly to the city of Dublin, caused him a loss of £10,000. When the Queen visited the building he was offered, and declined, knighthood. His statue was erected on the site of the Exhibition in acknowledgment of his public spirit and munificent aid; it represents him in accordance with his popular appellation of "the man with his hand in his pocket." Unfortunately the latter part of his life brought serious reverses and loss of property.

WILLIAM DARGAN, ESQ.- A smaller medal, representing the head, of reduced size. Inscription, WILLIAM DARGAN, with W W F on neck. Reverse.- An Irish harp with the words, TO COMMEMORATE THE GREAT EXHIBITION OF 1853. Size, 1·25. The reverse of this medal was a piece of apprentice work, being the first die engraved by Mr. John Woodhouse.

DANIEL O'CONNELL, ESQ., M.P.- Head and draped bust to right; underneath, in small letters, P TURNERELLI DEL. W WOODHOUSE F. Reverse.- An altar, inscribed, VOX | POPULI | SUPREMA | LEX. To the right a figure of Hibernia erect, reading from a book on the altar, and having a harp at her side; to left a seated figure of Plenty, with reversed copia; and behind, Liberty, with a flag. Inscribed, CIVIL AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY ALL OVER THE WORLD. In the exergue, in three lines, ELECTED LORD MAYOR | OF DUBLIN | THE 1^st OF NOV 1841; and underneath, W WOODHOUSE. Struck in white metal. Size, 2·0. A similar medal, also made in white metal, is contained in the collection of the Royal Irish Academy, having in the exergue, ELECTED JULY 5^th MDCCCXXVIII; and beneath, W WOODHOUSE DEL ET FECIT. This is therefore evidently one of Mr. W. Woodhouse's earliest works, which he utilized with a fresh exergue on O'Connell becoming Lord Mayor of Dublin. The obverse is again repeated in the case of the following medal:-

DANIEL O'CONNELL, ESQ., M.P.- Obverse as before. Reverse.- A view of the Bank of Ireland (the old Parliament House); above it, in small lettering, RESURGAM. In front, O'Connell robed as Lord Mayor, presenting

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various workmen to a seated figure representing Hibernia, having a harp and wolf-dog at her side; the dog, rather ludicrously, is barking at a man who is running off with an armful of English goods. On a raised rim is inscribed, HIBERNIA AT THE CALL OF O'CONNELL ADOPTS HER OWN AND REJECTS FOREIGN MANUFACTURE 1841; below, in minute letters, is read, W WOODHOUSE FECIT. Size, 2·0. Struck in bronze and white metal. the figure of Hibernia was modelled after Mr. O'Connell's daughter, Mrs. Fitzsimon of Glencullen. The reverse of this medal is crudely designed, and was executed in haste to meet a popular demand at the time, as was also the following:-

O'CONNELL MEDAL.- The representation of O'Connell, Hibernia, &c., in front of the Bank of Ireland is repeated, the die of the last medal being utilized; it is therefore one of those medals termed "mules." For the reverse there was made a new die, with wreath of shamrocks, and above a rayed crown, having in the field a long inscription in eleven lines, as follows: I AVOW MYSELF TO BE | A REPEALER | AND I SOLEMNLY PROMISE | THAT I WILL NOT CONSUME | OR SUFFER TO BE CONSUMED | ON MY PERSON OR IN MY HOUSEHOLD | BUT WILL BY ALL POSSIBLE MEANS | DISCOURAGE THE USE OF | ANY ARTICLE NOT | OF IRISH MANUFACTURE ; beneath, in small letters, appears, C. K. Size, 2·0. This medal I have always seen struck in white metal. The reverse of the medal with its uncompromising pledge is, strange to say, I believe, altogether of English manufacture. It was executed, like the last, in haste to satisfy a popular demand, and probably made in Birmingham.

MEDALLET OF O'CONNELL'S CLARE ELECTION.- Draped bust to left, DAN^L O CO--NNELL MP, and on the shoulder W W. Reverse.- Inscribed, THE MAN OF THE PEOPLE. Within is a wreath of shamrocks, and the words ELECTED | FOR THE | C^o CLARE | JULY | 1828. Size, 1·05. Struck, for popular sale, in brass. The obverse of this medal, several years after, in 1864, was employed by Mr. J. Woodhouse to strike the following:-

MEDALLET OF O'CONNELL (his monument).- Head of O'Connell, as in last medal. Reverse.- TO COMMEMORATE THE LAYING OF THE FIRST STONE | OF THE O'CONNELL MONUMENT | AUGUST 8^th 1864. Inside is a harp, crown, wolf-dog, and shamrocks. Size, 1·05. Struck in brass.

DANIEL O'CONNELL.- Bust to left, with draped shoulders, and a portion of the well-known cloak, so invariably associated with O'Connell's appearance in public. DANIEL O'CONNELL, BORN AUG^T 6^th 1775 DIED MAY 15^th 1847 ; on the shoulder, W WOODHOUSE, and underneath the bust - the only mark of "Patent Registration" I am acquainted with on an Irish medal - together with two sprigs of shamrock. Size, 2·1. This was the last medal for which Mr. W. Woodhouse actually made the die. The likeness was copied from Foley's bust prepared for the O'Connell Statue. It was subsequently utilised for medals by his son, Mr. J. Woodhouse.

THE VERY REV^D THEOBALD MATHEW.- Draped bust to left; inscribed, as stated. On the arm, in small letters, W WOODHOUSE | DUBLIN. Reverse.- A Greek cross, inscribed with the Temperance Pledge, I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS &c. EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY AND

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BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE. Around, on a raised border, appears, CORK TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY VERY REV^D T. MATHEW PRESIDENT. The angles of the Cross are rayed, and on the upper ones is graven, FOUNDED - 10 APRIL 1838. Size, 1·75. The specimen in my cabinet is a bronze proof. Father Mathew, born 1790; died 1856. He commenced about 1830 that remarkable crusade against intemperance, with which his memory will always be associated and revered. Unworldly and unselfish to excess, he incurred considerable debt in promoting his favourite pursuit. By incessant toil, not free from mental anxieties, he undermined his health, and an attack of paralysis was induced, resulting in cerebral disease. I have the MS. volume, compiled by his private secretary - a work of immense labour - which records his philanthropic career, and the never-ceasing efforts he made to spread the cause of temperance. Vast quantities of temperance medals were made in Birmingham, and by Irish medallists, with various inscriptions, and varieties of teetotal pledges.

ST. ANDREW'S ABSTINENCE SOCIETY.- Medal thus inscribed, around a copy of the figure of St. Andrew on his cross, which formerly stood at the Round Church, Trinity-street; beneath is MARCH 1840, and, in small letters, W. WOODHOUSE DUBLIN. Reverse.- A descending dove, surrounded by a glory, and on raised embossed border, BE YE PERFECT AS YOUR HEAVENLY FATHER IS PERFECT, V^TH MAT. Size, 1·75. The example I possess is in white metal. The dies are broken. This early temperance medal was repeatedly issued.

ERASMUS SMITH'S SCHOOLS.- A boldly-cut helmetted head of Minerva, with owl on the helmet, and beneath the head, WOODHOUSE F. Motto, INGENIO VIRTUTE LABORE. Reverse.- Coat-of-arms resting on an anchor, and surrounded by palm branches, MUNIFICENTIA ERASMI SMITH. The name of the special school was engraved underneath the head of Minerva, and the pupil's name, &c., around edge of medal. Size, 1·8. Issued in silver.

Erasmus Smith founded, in 1669, schools for promoting the education of Protestant children in Ireland. He was a London alderman, and is stated to have lived till after 1683, when he was seventy-three years of age. Under Cromwell he obtained grants of upwards of 11,000 acres of land, with which he endowed his project; and this property has enabled not alone his schools to be maintained, but certain valuable Exhibitions were instituted in Trinity College, which are still given to deserving pupils.

TRINITY COLLEGE PRIZE MEDAL.- A fine bust of Elizabeth, three- quarter face, to left, with ruff and robes elaborately worked in low relief. COLL. SS ET INDIVID TRIN REG. ELIZABETHÆ. JUXTA DUBL. 1591. In front of the robe to left, W W. Reverse.- The College arms on a field semeè, with shamrocks; at the sides, a Tudor rose and portcullis. Five collars or rings were made, inscribed each with different subjects of examination, in the year 1851. These rings breaking, Mr. Woodhouse prepared separate dies for the reverses. About 1871, the original dies failing, Mr. J. Woodhouse engraved a new series. Size, 2·1.

I possess a bronze proof struck without the rings, also a silver

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premium medal, on which the reverse is engraved outside the College arms, LITERIS HUMANIORIBUS FELICITER EXCULTIS. Mr. Woodhouse received £200 from the University for his set of dies.

TRINITY COLLEGE PRIZE MEDAL (smaller size).- Executed precisely similar to the preceding, but the initials W W are on the arm. Size, 1·6.

I possess an early bronze proof ; the dies wearing, Mr. John Woodhouse re-engraved the portrait of Elizabeth, of larger size and with still more elaborate costume. This medal is recognized by W W on left of bust, and J W on the right side.

COLLEGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY.- For this medal Mossop's design was retained, adopting a new reverse. The centre consists of the College arms on a star of eight rays ; outside is a garter with PROPTER ARTEM PROSAICAM FELICITER EXCULTAM; included in olive wreaths, and externally, HISTORICA SOCIETAS COLLEGII DUBLINIENSIS.

Size, 2·1. The medal in my cabinet is silver ; it was made about the year 1847. See account of the College Historical medals described under the works of Mossop.

THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY.- Head, with coronet to left ; W.W on neck, THE QUEENS UNIVERSITY IN IRELAND 1850 | PRIZE MEDAL. Reverse.- The arms of the University on a shield decorated with shamrocks.

Size, 1·6. Struck in gold and silver for prizes. I have a white metal proof. The original die becoming corroded with rust, Mr. Woodhouse engraved a second head, on which the inscription under the neck reads, WOODHOUSE, and the lettering is in ordinary Roman type, instead of square black-faced letter, which is that employed in the first-described medal.

CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY.- A blank centre for inscription surrounded by a wreath of shamrocks, and outside, CATHOLICA UNIVERSITAS HIBERNIÆ 1854. Reverse.- A sculptured old Irish cross, copied from that of Monasterboice ; surrounding the upper part, SEDES SAPIENTIÆ ; and in exergue in small letters, W WOODHOUSE F.

Size 1·9. Struck in gold, and lately only issued to their Medical School. Mr. J. Woodhouse engraved the cross on this medal.

CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY HISTORICAL AND ÆSTHETICAL SOCIETY.- Engraved outside wreaths of shamrocks, like last-described medal. Reverse.- The Monasterboice Cross. Size, 1·9. One medal was struck in silver for a prize each year.

CARLOW COLLEGE.- An elevated view of the front of this building; above inscribed, RELIGIONI AVITÆ ; and in exergue, COLL. S. PATRICII | AP CARLOVIAM | MDCCXCIII. In minute letters, WOODHOUSE FECIT | DUBLIN. Reverse.- Wreaths of olive and shamrocks; and inside, PRÆSTANTI MORIBUS ET ALTIBUS.

The view of the building was made, I understand, by a workman in Mr. Woodhouse's employment, and struck with punches. The die was lost, and re-engraved subsequently by Mr. J. C. Parkes. Size, 2·1. I have a bronze proof.

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CARLOW COLLEGE (smaller medal).- Copy of the preceding one without artist's name. Size, 1·6. I have a white metal proof in my collection.

VISIT OF THE QUEEN TO IRELAND, 1849.- Head of Victoria with coronet, to right; VICTORIA REGINA; underneath, WOODHOUSE F. Reverse.- A replica of Mossop's second medal commemorating the visit of George IV. to Ireland, with decorated altar and Irish chain armour. Motto, TO COMMEMORATE HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO IRELAND. In exergue, AUGUST 1849. The artist's name is placed on the base of the altar. Size, 1·75.

Very few specimens were struck in silver, of which I have one; a large number were made in white metal. The head of the Queen is a good piece of die-sinking.

WILLIAMITE MEDAL.- Bust of William III. in armour, draped to right; THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY; below the bust, W WOODHOUSE F - DUBLIN. Reverse.- A square altar marked 1690, having above a crown with sword and sceptre. Motto, KING AND CONSTITUTION. In exergue, a group of rose, shamrock, and thistle. Size, 1·7. Struck in white metal.

WILLIAMITE MEDAL.- bust as in last. Reverse.- PROTESTANT MEETINGS, FISHAMBLE S^T THEATRE ; and within a wreath of orange lilies, ADMIT - 1688. Size, 1·7. Also made in white metal.

SUPPRESSION OF WHITEBOYISM.- An armed warrior, with foot resting on the head of a dragon, winged, having a demon's face, and holding torch and dagger; the warrior's sword is pointed to the ground; he is crowned with wreaths by a flying victory ; behind, to left, is a round tower emblematic of Ireland; motto, VALOUR, HAVING SUBDUED THE DEMON OF DISCORD, IS CROWNED BY VIRTUE ; underneath, W WOODHOUSE FCT. Reverse.- Blank for inscription.

Size, 1·6. I have bronze and white metal proofs. This medal was made for distribution, by the Earl of Mulgrave, to the gentry and constabulary who were engaged in the suppression of Whiteboy outrages in the year 1837. It is a scarce medal, as I believe few were distributed.

CORK FINE ART EXHIBITION.- Interior perspective view of the main hall, within a broad wreath of shamrocks; beneath is, FINE ARTS HALL OPENED JUNE 10 | 1852 | SIR T DEANE & J BENSON ARCHT^S. Reverse.- Hope raising a seated figure of Hibernia. Motto, THE DARKEST HOUR IS THAT BEFORE THE DAWN. In exergue, W WOODHOUSE FECIT | DUBLIN.

Size, 1·75. The specimen in my cabinet is a bronze proof. The original design for the figures of Hope and Hibernia, drawn by Maclise, is in my possession.

CORK ART EXHIBITION (2nd Medal).- This represents the exterior of the building; inscribed, NATIONAL EXHIBITION, CORK; and underneath, OPENED 10th JUNE | 1852 | W W F. Reverse.- Similar to the last described medal. Size, 1·75. In white metal.

INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, DUBLIN, 1853.- Heads of the Queen and Prince Albert superimposed, to left; QUEEN VICTORIA AND PRINCE ALBERT ;

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underneath, in minute letters, W WOODHOUSE F. Reverse.- Inscribed TO | COMMEMORATE | HER MAJESTY'S VISIT | TO THE GREAT | INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION | IN CONNECTION | WITH THE | ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY | THE 30^TH OF AVG^T | 1853 |, in ten lines. Size, 1·8. Struck in bronze.

The portrait of the Queen was prepared from the "Hubb" of the Queen's University medal ; that of the Prince Consort was engraved. Mr. Dargan placed £20,000 at the disposal of the Royal Dublin Society to erect the necessary buildings for holding their Exhibition, and it being ascertained that sum was insufficient to secure suitable accommodation, he supplemented it by an equal amount. Mr. Woodhouse exhibited a large press for striking this, and the "Dargan" medals already described, within the Exhibition building.

ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY PRIZE MEDALS.- Hibernia or Minerva armed and seated to left, holding spear, and copia filled with fruits, her foot resting on a bundle of fasces; at her side a shield, with Irish harp sustained by books, beneath which is the artist's name, W WOODHOUSE. Inscription, NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS; and in exergue, ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY - INST^D 1731. There are four reverse dies with different subjects -

No.1. Mare and foal, having underneath, W WOODHOUSE FECIT.

No.2. Group of five horned cattle of different breeds, WOODHOUSE F.

No.3. Bull and man, also marked, WOODHOUSE F.

No.4. Farmyard, with implements of husbandry and cattle. Inscribed, W WOODHOUSE F.

Size, 2·1. Struck in gold, silver, and bronze for agricultural premiums, and with reverse having a wreath, and blank centre for an engraved inscription, to be issued to successful competitors in the School of Art attached to this Society. The die with the mare and foal was first prepared in competition for a special prize, offered by the Royal Dublin Society, in which Mr. Woodhouse was successful.

SMALLER MEDAL OF THE DUBLIN SOCIETY.- A circular medal, with the emblematic female figure seated to right, having a border of shamrocks on her robe. The books are not represented, and the die is altogether different in various minor respects. In exergue, ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY INSTITUTED 1731 ; and beneath the harp, WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- An olive wreath, with the letters W W. Size, 1·75. I have a white metal proof of this medal.

LORD CLANCARTY'S MEDAL FOR HIS TENANTS.- The Clancarty arms, with supporters and motto; on a ribbon, VIRTUTI FORTUNA COMES. Above inscribed, CLANCARTY, and underneath, FROM THE | LANDLORD | TO | HIS IMPROVING TENANT, and W WOODHOUSE EX. Reverse.- blank, with wreaths of palm, oak, and olive.

Size, 1·8. I have a white metal impression. The inscription sufficiently explains the object which led to the striking of this medal.

LORD DOWNSHIRE'S MEDAL.- Arms surrounded by collar of St. Patrick's knighthood, with supporters, &c.; on a ribbon, PER DEUM ET FERRO OBTINUI,

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and underneath, FROM THE | LANDLORD | TO | HIS IMPROVING TENANT | . At the sides a minute inscription, W WOODHOUSE - FCT DUBLIN. Reverse.- Farmhouse. plough, cow, &c.; in the background, a view of the church which Lady Downshire built on the estate; in exergue, W WOODHOUSE FECIT.

Size, 1·8. Of this also the impression in my cabinet is struck in soft metal.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- An ornamented Irish harp, with a small crown above, and underneath, WOODHOUSE. This is surrounded by a raised border, inscribed, ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND INSTITUTED A D 1841. Reverse.- blank, with olive wreath.

Size, 2·1. Used as a Premium Medal for the Exhibitions held by this Society to promote agriculture. The example I have is a white metal proof.

SMALLER MEDAL OF SAME SOCIETY.- Is similar to that already described, but has a different wreath, consisting of fruits and heads of corn.

Size, 1·8. Also a proof in white metal.

ALBERT NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL TRAINING INSTITUTION.- Bust of Prince Albert, inscription as given, outside a narrow wreath of shamrocks, and below, IRELAND marked also WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- A wreath of olive, and within, TO | ---- | FOR GENERAL GOOD CONDUCT | INDUSTRY ON THE FARM | AND PROFICIENCY IN HIS STUDIES | ; then a plough, and under this, to left, W WOODHOUSE.

Size, 2·2. Only twelve silver medals were struck, and of these two were presented as premiums several years ago. The reverse die was engraved by Mr. J. Woodhouse, when he was an apprentice to his father. I possess a bronze proof impression.

FARMING SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- A farm, represented with cow, sheep, pig, &c.; W WOODHOUSE to left of exergue. Reverse.- A wreath of corn, and around, STUDIUM QUIBUS ARVA TUERI, with blank centre.

Size, 1·7. In bronze in the Museum of Royal Irish Academy.

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND, 1830.- A medal, inscribed with this motto, outside a wreath of laurel and palm. Reverse.- Two copias filled with flowers and fruit ; shamrocks between them. Above, on a ribbon, UTILE DULCI.

Size, 1·7. In bronze in the Royal Irish Academy.

FARMING MEDAL.- A plough, under shade of tree, with distant landscape; underneath, SPEED THE PLOUGH, and, in minute letters, WOODHOUSE FECIT | DUBLIN.

Size, 1·6. This is an early-issued agricultural medal, of which I have a white metal impression of the worn-out die. I do not know its history.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- Pyramid of books, globe, lyre, &c., and at top an owl ; caduceus to left, at side. In exergue, W. WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- blank, with olive wreath; W W underneath.

Size, 1·75 In white metal, in my cabinet.

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ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY.- Busts of Linnæus and Cuvier, superimposed to left ; marked in the field in minute letters, LINNÆVS - CUVIER, and underneath, W WOODHOUSE. Inscription, R ZOOLOG SOC OF IRELAND MDCCCXXXI. Reverse.- A giraffe, and in three lines around, ADMIT BEARER TO THE GARDENS PHŒ^X PARK ON Sunday AFTER 2 O'CLOCK | GIRAFFE BORN IN LONDON 27 MAY 1841 | PRESENTED BY ZOO. SOC. OF LONDON 5 JUNE 1844. In exergue, W W F.

This Society will be remembered by Natural History students for the remarkable success which has attended its efforts in breeding lions. For a detailed account of this novel Irish industry, I refer to a Paper published by Valentine Ball, Esq., Director of the Irish National Museum, published in the Transactions Of the Royal Irish Academy.

Size, 1·25. I have specimens in both bronze and white metal.

FRIENDLY BROTHERS' MEDAL.- A Copy, in all respects, of the "Mossop Medal." The dies are still in fair order.

CONFIRMATION MEDAL.- A dove represented descending on a mitre and chalice ; open books single and triple cross, &c. In exergue, YOU WERE SEALED WITH THE HOLY SPIRIT OF PROMISE. EPHES i.13. Reverse.- MEMORIAL OF CONFIRMATION, with I. H. S. and other inscriptions.

Size, 1·25. The dies are lost. I have a white metal medal.

I have not attempted to describe or catalogue the numerous seals which Mr. Woodhouse prepared for different public and trading bodies, ecclesiastics, &c. He also struck several of the copper farthing tokens, which for a time circulated in Dublin and various provincial towns throughout Ireland.

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[Reprinted from the "JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL AND ARCHÆOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND" for July and October, 1887.]

THE MEDALLISTS OF IRELAND AND THEIR WORK.

By WILLIAM FRAZER, F.R.C.S.I.,

Member of Council and Librarian, Royal Irish Academy.

[Continued from Vol,. VII., page 619.]

NO. III. - THE WOODHOUSES.

JOHN WOODHOUSE, son of William Woodhouse (whose works as a medallist I have already described), was born in Dublin in 1835, and educated in that city. He entered the Art Schools of the Royal Dublin Society in 1851, under Mr. Neilan. Next year he was occupied at Cork in striking his father's medals at the Art Exhibition held there, and obtained a first prize for his drawing of the Dying Gladiator from the Royal Dublin Society, and a Certificate of Proficiency in the junior class for Artistic Anatomy. In 1853 he was employed in cutting his first steel die - the harp for the reverse of the "Dargan" medal made by his father; he also prepared a miniature medallet, representing thc head of Dargan, copied from the larger-sized medal. He was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Dublin Society for Artistic Anatomy, and the Local Medal and National Medallion for his execution of four heads modelled in low relief; these, with an impression of the medal of Sir Benjamin Brodie, are preserved in a frame in the possession of the Irish School of Art. I understand there were only four of these National Medallions ever issued for Irish competition.

In 1854 he again succeeded in obtaining the Local Medal for a model of the head of the Queen, intended to be used for a medal by the Queen's University ; this was copied after the portrait engraved on the Coronation Medal made by Wyon. The die for this medal was engraved by his father. When undergoing the process of hardening, a crack appeared across the face of the portrait, which did not interfere with its being used to strike medals until some time had elapsed, when Mr. Woodhouse re-engraved it. The impressions from the first die are recognised by having the letter "W" on the Queen's neck. Medals made from the second die are marked WOODHOUSE F underneath the bust, and the lettering of the inscription is in different characters. About 1876 a third die was required, which John Woodhouse made. In this medal the Queen's head is represented of larger size, and it has underneath the words J WOODHOUSE.

In 1862 the Prize Medal of the Royal Hibernian Academy was presented to Mr. J. Woodhouse for his skill in modelling, and in the course of the next year he was elected to the rank of an Associate Academician. His talents as a medallist can be judged by studying his works, and the number of medals he executed will testify to the diligence with which he pursued his profession. Unfortunately, in the midst of his career, he was attacked by a dangerous and severe illness, which has incapacitated him from pursuing his usual avocation; after some months of suffering, he has

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so far improved in health, that his friends hope they may again see him engaged in the active prosecution of his attractive art. It is with much regret that I state, from my own knowledge, how little his talents have profited him. Like many of Ireland's brilliant sons, we are proud of his abilities, but fail to reward them with more than empty praise and words, not acts of sympathy.

DARGAN MEDALLET.- Head to right; behind it DARGAN. Reverse.- Blank.- A white metal proof in my possession, made for practice in die-sinking when sixteen years of age. Size, ·9.

MEDALLET OF CUPID IN CHAINS.- leaning on a hoe, to right. Engraved after a gem of Pichler's. White metal; unique impression, in my collection. Size ·9.

MEDALLET OF HORSE.- In white metal; an early study, and rare; in my possession. Size, ·9.

SIR BENJAMIN BRODIE.- A finely-modelled head (copied from the English medal of this distinguished surgeon), looking to left, behind BRODIE. On the neck J W. Reverse.- An olive wreath. Size, 2·0. This medal was made as an art study. I have an impression in bronze.

DANIEL O'CONNELL.- Bust with neck of coat, and portion of well-known cloak to left. DANIEL O'CONNELL BORN AUG^T 6^TH 1775 DIED MAY 15^TH 1847. Beneath is the "Patent Registration mark" between two shamrocks ; and on the arm of the bust W WOOOHOUSE. Reverse.- Foley's model for the Monument now erected in Sackville-street; on base H. FOLE'Y R A; and beneath, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE. The inscription is, TO COMMEMORATE THE CENTENARY OF O'CONNELL'S BIRTH AUGUST 6^TH 1875. Size, 2·1

This was the last medal made by William Woodhouse before going to the country; and its reverse the first die published with his son's name; struck in white metal. About six dozen impressions were struck.

DANIEL O'CONNELL (Erection of the Monument).- A replica of the last described medal, but the monument has the date 1881; and the inscription on two raised ribbons is TO COMMEMORATE THE ERECTION OF --- THE O'CONNELL MONUMENT IN DUBLIN. Size, 2·1. Struck in white metal. I have an impression.

DANIEL O'CONNELL (Centenary of Birth).- Bust to right; on neck W W. Inscribed DANIEL O'CONNELL M P, BORN AUG 6^TH 1775 DIED MAY 1847. Reverse.- Round tower, harp, and wolf-dog, with sun rising over the sea. Above, CATHOLIC | EMANCIPATION | REPEAL. In exergue, CENTENARY | 1875. | In small letters under tower, J. W. Size, 1·4.

Portrait copied from Mr. W. Woodhouse's model. Of this medal, 11,000 sold within a few weeks. I have a white metal proof.

DANIEL O'CONNELL (Erection of Monument).- Copy of last head, marked WOODHOUSE on neck, and underneath, DUBLIN. Reverse.- Irish cross with harp, dog, and distant round tower; around top of cross, CATHOLIC EMANCIPATION. Inscription, COMMEMORATE THE ERECTION OF THE

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O'CONNELL | MONUMENT 1881, in exergue. Size, 1·4; in white metal. Occurs also with date altered to 1882. Similar to the last described medal, it was largely sold.

ARTHUR JACOB, M.D., F.R.C.S.- Bust to left, draped; marked beneath W WOODHOUSE, F. and behind the figure, JACOB. Reverse.- A laurel wreath, outside which is inscribed ARTHUR JACOB M.D. F R C S PROF OF ANAT & PHYS ROY COL OF SURG IN IRELAND; and within, IN | COMMEMORATION | OF | EMINENT SERVICES | RENDERED TO | SCIENCE | AND | THE MEDICAL PROFESSION | IN | IRELAND | 1860. Size, 2·6.

Dr. Jacob's long association with the Royal College of Surgeons and his valuable services to the College, and the profession of Surgery in Ireland, rendered his friends desirous of presenting him with a service of plate, which he declined to accept, and in its stead this medal was prepared and struck for subscribers to the "Jacob Fund." About 120 were distributed, one impression being in silver, which was given to his brother, Dr. Jacob of Maryborough. It is needless to recall Dr. Jacob's high surgical and scientific attainments; his name will always be associated with the discovery of the "Membrana Jacobi" in the structure of the eye - and remembered as editor of the Medical Press. He died in 1874, aged 84 years, having retired to England some years previously. Though bearing the initials of his father, this medal was the work of Mr. J. Woodhouse. I have a good impression of this medal in bronze.

TRINITY COLLEGE.- A replica of Mr. W. Woodhouse's medal. Portrait well executed, and of larger size; distinguished by J W on the sleeve. Size, 1·6.

Only one bronze, and a few white metal, proofs were struck before the die broke ; of these I have a white metal proof impression. It is recognised by several minute differences in the ornamentation of the dress from the die subsequently engraved. Reverse.- A wreath.

TRINITY COLLEGE.- This medal bears, like the last, the bust of Elizabeth, and inscription COLL. SS. ET INDIVID TRIN REG ELIZABETHÆ IUXTA DVBL. 1591. Reverse.- The College arms on a field, diapered, and semée with shamrocks; at side the Tudor rose and portcullis. Struck in gold, it is given for various moderatorships, and has different inscriptions. That before me bears ETHICS ET LOGICIS FELICITER EXCULTIS, and the name of the recipient engraved, JONANNES F FRAZER 1873, having been obtained by my son, the late Rev. John Findlay Frazer, Sch., T.C.D.

TRINITY COLLEGE LATIN MEDAL.- Roma draped and armed, holding Victory on outstretched hand, seated on a cuirass, with shield; underneath these J WOODHOUSE. In exergue, ROMA. Reverse.- College arms, &c., as last medal; inscription, PROPTER LITERAS LATINAS FELICITER EXCULTAS. Size, 1·4.

The die is copied from a fine first-brass coin of Nero. It was intended as a companion prize to Wyon's Greek Berkeley Medal made in 1874, and constitutes the Vice-Chancellor's Prize Latin Medal, one or two being awarded, struck in gold, in each session. A few proofs of this medal were struck in bronze ; of these no less than three have found their way to my cabinet.

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THEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN.- A shield bearing the College Arms, with Tudor rose and portcullis at the sides; above inscribed, FOUNDED | 1837. All inclosed within a thick laurel wreath, outside which is, THEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN. Reverse.- blank, with wreath of olive and oak leaves. Size, 2·1.

I have early proofs of this medal, struck in white metal and in bronze.

PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN.- A shield with the arms of the University on a diapered ground semée, with shamrocks; at side the Tudor rose and portcullis. Around all, PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN, FOUNDED 1854. Reverse.- blank centre, for inscription, with olive wreaths; underneath, in small letters, J W. Size, 1·9.

I have an impression in silver, with ring for suspension.

TYRRELL MEDAL.- Bust to left, marked J W on neck. Inscribed, WILLIAM GERALD TYRRELL BORN NOV 28^TH 1851 DIED AVG 28^TH 1876. Reverse.- A shield with the University arms, Tudor rose, and portcullis, and within, an olive wreath, outside which, DULCES ANTE OMNIA MUSAE. Size, 1·6.

The premature death of this promising young man was much regretted by his companions in College. There was an intention of commemorating his death by instituting a College medal, which was not carried out. I believe only two impressions of this medal were struck, of which I have one in bronze. The portrait is well executed.

THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY IN IRELAND.- Thus inscribed above a diademed head of the Queen, to left; on the neck, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE, and underneath, FOUNDED 1850. Reverse.- The arms of the Queen's University, with shamrocks at side, on a shield, with space round edge for inscription. Size, 1·6.

This prize medal was struck in gold and silver; it is distinguished from the medals made by W. Woodhouse, by the portrait of the Queen being of larger size, and by the inscription on the neck. Seen in an early impression, it is a fine piece of work. I have a white metal proof.

PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF THE CORK COLLEGE.- Head of the Queen, inscribed, VICTORIA REGINA. Reverse.- An engraved inscription. Size, 2·0.

Presented as a prize by the Vice-President of the College in the year 1877-8.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, IRELAND.- The arms of the College, with supporters. Motto, on a ribbon underneath, CONCILIO MANUQUE, and, in small letters, J. W. Reverse.- A blank centre for engraving, around this, ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND. Size, 1·6.

Issued in gold and silver for prizes by Sir Charles Cameron, Professor of Chemistry, and late President of the College. I have a white metal proof, and also an impression in an unfinished condition. The supporters are modelled "nude," in Mr. Woodhouse's usual manner for securing accurate proportion when delineating the human figure, the drapery being a subsequent addition.

SIR PATRICK DUN'S HOSPITAL MEDAL.- The arms of Sir Patrick Dun, with his motto, CELER ATQUE FIDELIS, on a ribbon, and underneath, in

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minute letters, I W. Around the arms, PATR DUN EQ AUR NOSOCOMII SCHOLÆ MEDICINÆ IN HIBERN FUND^R. Reverse.- A blank centre for inscription, with, AWARDED TO - FOR THE SESSION. Outside this, HAUGHTON CLINICAL MEDAL INSTITUTED A D 1868. Size, 2·0.

This medal, founded by the Rev. Dr. Haughton, is struck in silver, and awarded to the best students examined on medical and surgical cases treated during the year, and reported by themselves. Those who are familiar with the subject of medical education in Ireland are aware how much the Medical School of the University of Dublin is indebted to Professor Haughton for its present distinguished position, and its success in promoting the study of medicine and surgery on a scientific basis. My example of this medal is a white metal proof.

SIR PATRICK DUN'S HOSPITAL MATERNITY.- The medal is inscribed with these words, around the figure of a woman, who holds an infant, and at whose side is a young child; in the exergue are, J WOODHOUSE, in minute letters, and FOUNDED 1867. Reverse.- A blank centre for inscription, with AWARDED TO. Surrounding this, HAUGHTON MATERNITY MEDAL INSTITUTED A D 1869. Size, 2·0.

This maternity, besides its usefulness as a local charity, has trained a number of efficient nurses, many of whom became employed in regiments at home and abroad. Usually two silver and a few bronze medals are issued each year and given after examination. My specimen is in bronze.

CITY OF DUBLIN HOSPITAL MEDAL.- A shield bearing above the arms of the City of Dublin, and underneath the Good Samaritan with a wounded man, resting on a field semée with shamrocks, J W in small letters underneath. Inscription, CITY OF DUBLIN HOSPITAL . FOUNDED 1832. Reverse.- Blank, with olive wreaths. Size, 2·0.

This medal is issued as a premium; struck in silver. My specimen is in bronze.

CARMICHAEL MEDICAL SCHOOL.- Bust of Mr. Carmichael, draped, to left. Underneath on the bust, J WOODHOUSE A R H A, in small letters. Inscription, RICHARD CARMICHAEL. Reverse.- A blank centre for engraving, around which, CARMICHAEL SCHOOL OF MEDICINE FOUNDED 1828. Size, 1·6.

Richard Carmichael, born 1779, was accidentally drowned at Sutton in 1849. Having acquired a large fortune, he liberally endowed the Medical School in North Brunswick-street, of which he was one of the original founders, and also left bequests to be distributed by the Royal College of Surgeons, and to the Benevolent Medical Association of Ireland. In 1879, the school built by Mr. Carmichael's bequest in North Brunswick-street was closed, and a new school built in Aungier-street. The bust on this medal is copied from one in marble in the College of Surgeons, and from a former medal made in electrotype from an engraved seal. The medal is given to different classes in this school for prizes at examinations.

MATER MISERICORDIÆ HOSPITAL.- Inscribed with these words and DUBLIN around the centre, which bear the letters CLINICAL MEDAL. Reverse.- Blank, with olive wreaths. Size, 1·6.

Given as a prize medal by the late Dr. Hayden; struck in gold in 1881 I have a white metal proof.

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JERVIS-STREET HOSPITAL, FOUNDED 1718.- The medal bears this in inscription round a blank centre for engraving. Reverse.- A wounded man, leaning against a tree, is attended by a surgeon; behind, a horse is represented, and in the distance a person is seen hurrying away. It appears to be intended to represent the Good Samaritan. In exergue, MISERIS SUCCURRERE. The artist's initials, J W, are beneath the horse's fore-feet. Size, 1·6.

Made in 1885, as a prize medal. I have a white metal proof.

LEDWICH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY.- This inscription appears round the centre, which has, PRESENTED | BY | THE LECTURER | ON | CHEMISTRY. Reverse.- Oak leaves and Royal Crown, within which, PRIZE MEDAL. Size, 2·6.

Struck in silver as a premium for pupils attending the classes on Chemistry and Materia Medica.

LEDWICH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY.- A similar medal of smaller size. Reverse.- Two olive wreaths, with blank centre. Size, 1·6.

Struck, in 1882, for premiums, in gold and silver. I have a white metal proof impression.

LEDWICH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY, DUBLIN.- inscribed around a blank centre. Reverse.- A bearded bust of Æsculapius; in front, a serpent twined around a rod, and behind, ÆSCULAPIUS; J W in small letters on the neck of bust. Size, 1·6.

Made in 1885, to be given for medical and surgical prizes. I have an impression in white metal.

LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY.- THE O'HAGAN PRIZE FOR ORATORY, inscribed within an olive wreath, and outside, LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY OF IRELAND. Reverse.- Elevation view of the King's Inns, Henrietta-street. In exergue, SOCIETY FOUNDED 1830. Size, 1·6.

This medal, struck in gold and silver, was given by the late Lord Chancellor O'Hagan. It is awarded each year for oratory. I have proofs in bronze and white metal.

LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY (Law Medal of Chief Baron Palles).- Bust of Cicero to left, marked J W on neck; above, MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO. Reverse.- Blank centre for inscription, with olive wreath, around which is, LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY OF IRELAND. Size, 1·6.

This medal, struck in gold, was awarded for Legal Debates, one in each year for 1877, 1878, and 1879. The bust is well executed.

LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY (Armstrong Medal for Oratory).- A hand grasping a thunderbolt, VOLAT IRREVOCABILE VERBUM. Reverse.- Blank centre and olive wreath, outside which, LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY. Size, 1·5.

This medal was presented by the late Serjeant Armstrong. Only one medal, in gold, was issued in the year 1876. My example is a white metal proof.

LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY (Plunket Medal for Oratory).- Within a wreath of shamrocks is inscribed, PLUNKET | PRIZE | FOR |

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ORATORY | PRESENTED | BY | DUNBAR PLUNKET BARTON. Reverse.- Blank centre, with olive wreath, outside which, LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY OF IRELAND. Size, 1·6.

Struck in gold since 1880, and presented for excellence in legal debates. I have a white metal proof.

LAW STUDENTS DEBATING SOCIETY (Professor Jellett's Medal).- FLAVIUS JUSTINIANUS IMPERATOR.- Head and bust to right, with fillet diadem; underneath, J. W. Reverse.- An olive wreath. Size, 1·6.

Presented by Professor Jellett, Q.C., in 1878. I have a proof in white metal, being the second impression taken from the die.

LEGAL AND LITERARY DEBATING SOCIETY.- A shield with the arms of Dublin, and beneath an open book, inscribed LAW, and a roll marked LITERATURE; on each side olive branches; above, an Imperial Crown, an Irish motto on a ribbon beneath. The inscription, LEGAL AND LITERARY DEBATING SOCIETY DUBLIN. INSTITUTED 1871. Reverse.- Blank, with olive wreath. Size, 1·6.

Five or six medals were given as prizes, and then discontinued. I have white metal and bronze proof impressions.

SOCIETY OF ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS OF IRELAND.- Arms, a shield with Harp and Crown; above, a small figure of Justice; supporters, two Irish greyhounds ; the motto, on a ribbon beneath, VERITAS VINCIT, and under this J W. Reverse.- A blank centre, surrounded by olive wreath, outside which is THE SOCIETY OF THE ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS OF IRELAND, INST 1841. INCORP 1852. Size, 1·6.

The medal is presented to those students who pass a distinguished examination. I have a bronze proof impression.

ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY, CUNNINGHAM PRIZE MEDAL.- This is intended to be a replica of the work executed by the elder Mossop, which I have already described, the dies having become worn out by frequent use. It can be recognised by the small letters on the arm of Lord Charlemont, W. MOSSOP, F. J . W., by three small crowns placed within the star on his breast, and by the lettering of the inscription, which is somewhat larger sized than in the original medal. On the reverse, also in addition to W. MOSSOP, F, are the letters J W. The shape of the round tower is better defined, and a few other minor details may he detected Size 2·2.

The engraving of this medal was the last work Mr. J. Woodhouse completed before his illness. It bears favourable comparison with Mossop's medal, its execution affording ample proof of the artist's skill in reproducing a portrait of the highest class, both in workmanship and finish. Besides using an early proof of Mossop's medal, Mr. Woodhouse availed himself of the original medal, in wax, of Lord Charlemont's portrait that Mossop prepared before engraving it, and which is in my possession. I have the only impression struck in soft metal from the dies previous to being hardened, and also a silver proof made specially for me from the finished dies after annealing.

ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY MEDALS.- There are at least three medals made by Mr. J. Woodhouse for this Society which require mention.

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No.1. A medal, the obverse of which is filled by the arms of the Society, with supporters and motto, underneath, in small letters, being J WOODHOUSE | A.R.H.A. There is no flange at the exterior, merely a circle of dots. Reverse has a similar border with the inscription, ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY, having olive wreaths inside, and a blank centre for engraving. Size, 2·2.

No.2. Similar obverse, with arms. Reverse.- Mare and colt. In exergue, HORSE SHOW, and above, the name of the Society in old English letters. Size, 2·2. This was made in 1883. I have a soft metal proof impression.

No.3. Similar obverse, with arms. Reverse.- A horse to left, above, In small square letters, ROYAL DUBLIN society, and in exergue, HORSE SHOW; the portion outside blank for engraving. Size, 2·2.

The initials J W are seen behind the horse's hind feet. The "Horse" was copied from a fine statue by Kiss of Berlin, of a favourite Arab belonging to Napoleon I., in the possession of Mr. O'Reilly of Booters-town, county Dublin. I have the first white metal impression taken from the finished dies.

ROYAL HIBERNIAN ACADEMY OF ARTS.- Head of Queen Victoria, with coronet, to right; on the neck, in small letters, WOODHOUSE; and above, VICTORIA REGINA; outside this is a second compartment, with the words, ROYAL HIBERNIAN ACADEMY OF ARTS, 1823-1861. Reverse.- Wreaths of oak and Imperial Crown. Inscription, PRIZE MEDAL; a blank border for engraving. Size, 2·5.

The Royal Hibernian Academy have instituted examinations each July of the works of students attending their Art School, at which medals are given to successful competitors. In addition to the medals thus awarded, a very limited number of proof impressions were struck by Mr. J. Woodhouse in bronze; that which I have was made for T. M. Ray, Esq.

ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY OF MUSIC.- Head of the Queen, with diadem, to right, inscribed, VICTORIA REGINA; underneath, in small letters, WOODHOUSE F. Reverse.- A blank centre for engraving, and Irish harp, from which rises two wreaths of olive, outside being the words, ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY OF MUSIC. Size, 1·8.

The Queen's head on this medal is struck from Mr. W. Woodhouse's die made for the Queen's visit to Ireland in 1848. In the year 1878 eight impressions of this medal were made in bronze. I have a white metal proof, being the first taken from the dies.

INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.- Bust to right, marked on neck J W and behind, on the field, MULLINS. Reverse.- INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS OF IRELAND EST^D 1835, IRCOR^D 1877. Size, 1·6.

This medal is awarded for communications on subjects of Engineering importance; struck in gold. It was made November, 1879. I have a white metal impression, being the first struck from the die; also a wax impression of the bust before the inscription was sunken.

FRIENDLY BROTHERS' MINIATURE MEDAL.- This pretty little medal is similar to that struck by Mossop. It was intended to be made in gold and silver-gilt. I have a unique white metal proof. Size 1·0.

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ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- Mr. J. Woodhouse re-engraved the inscriptions for the dies made by his father on the larger and smaller medals in February, 1880, by turning the edge and adding fresh lettering.

IRISH BEEKEEPERS' ASSOCIATION.- This medal represents one of the old-fashioned straw hives on a pedestal, which has a harp crowned, and motto, INDUSTRIA ET LABORE. In exergue, ES^T 1881. The inscription is, IRISH BEEKEEPERS ASSOCIATION. Reverse.- Two olive wreaths, with blank centre. Size, 2·0.

Struck for prizes to be given, in 1882, at an exhibition held by this Society. I understand these prizes were instituted under Canon Bagot's influence. I have a white metal impression, and also a fine proof in bronze.

IRISH RIFLE ASSOCIATION.- A shield, representing Hibernia holding an olive wreath, with harp and wolf dog; above, an Imperial Crown; for supporters an Irish bowman with bow, and figure of Major Leech with his rifle. Motto on ribbon, PRO PATRIA ET REGE; and underneath, in minute lettering, JOHN WOODHOUSE ARHA. Reverse.- A thick olive wreath, with blank centre for inscription; outside, THE IRISH RIFLE ASSOCIATION FOUNDED 1867. Size, 2·5.

This medal was made in 1867. Four struck in bronze, and one in silver, were intended to be given each year as prizes to different rifle clubs in Ireland. The figure of the rifleman is a good representation of Major Leech, who was the principal originator of the Rifle Association. The bowman is copied from the figure of an Irish gallowglas procured from Kilkenny.

EXHIBITION OF MANUFACTURES, MACHINERY, AND FINE ARTS, 1864.- A medal thus inscribed around a shield, bearing the arms of the Royal Dublin Society above, and underneath those of the city of Dublin; at upper part a Royal Crown. On a ribbon, NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS; below the shield, in small letters, J W. The reverse represents a crowned female, bearing a copia, and leaning on harp to represent Hibernia; in the background a lighthouse and steamer, railroad, with train, &c. In exergue, J WOODHOUSE. Size, 1·7

I have a bronze proof impression. There were few copies of this medal struck, and these were in white metal.

DUBLIN EXHIBITION, 1865.- Head of Prince Albert to left, ALBERT EDWARD PRINCE OF WALES, and underneath, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE ARHA. Reverse.- A front view of the Exhibition Building, with flag, inscribed, DUBLIN INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. In exergue, in three lines, OPENED THE 9TH OF MAY 1865 BY HRH THE PRINCE OF WALES; beneath the building to left is the artist's name, J WOODHOUSE. Size, 1·9.

Several hundreds were struck in white metal, and one or two in bronze. It has become rather difficult to obtain an impression of this medal.

GUINNESS ART EXHIBITION, 1872.- In the centre is a seated winged figure, raised on a pedestal, who places wreaths on the heads of two females, one with a painter's palette, who represents art, and the other with hammer and anvil, signifies manufactures. The pedestal is decorated with shamrocks, and below, on a small shield, are the arms of Dublin;

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underneath, in minute characters, J WOODHOUSE ARHA. The inscription is, EXHIBITION OF ARTS INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURES. In exergue, DUBLIN 1872. Reverse.- A thick wreath of roses, shamrocks, and thistles, having above an Imperial Crown, and below a ribbon, with TRIA JUNCTA IN UNO. Size, 1·7.

Struck in bronze. About 120 were distributed as prizes, and one made in silver, was presented to Lady Gort, for an exhibition of porcelain. The dies cost £60. I have a bronze impression.

CASHEL ART EXHIBITION, 1874.- Thus inscribed, with date in centre. Reverse.- Blank. Size, 1·3.

This medal was, I believe, used as a season admission ticket to the Exhibition. A specimen was specially struck for me by my friend, the late Rev. Dr. Adams of Santry, in silver. It was issued in bronze.

CASHEL ART EXHIBITION, 1884.- Similar to the last described medal, but made in bronze, in which metal I have an impression.

EXHIBITION OF IRISH ART AND MANUFACTURES, 1882.- Medal with this inscription outside wreaths of shamrocks and olives, within which, AWARDED TO, with blank space for engraving name. Reverse.- A falling man near an anvil is being raised by a female figure; above are the words, SELF-RELIANCE, and in exergue, LABOR OMNIA VINCIT. Size, 2·1.

For the exhibition, held in Cork, this medal was given as a prize. I have an impression in bronze.

EXHIBITION OF IRISH ART AND MANUFACTURES, 1882.- A view of the Exhibition Building erected in the Park at Blackrock, near Cork. Inscription, IRISH NATIONAL EXHIBITION 1882. Reverse.- Female seated with distaff, and man working at anvil; behind is the rising sun, also a factory, ship, &c. At top, RESURGAM, and in exergue, IRISH MANUFACTURE. Size, 1·6.

Struck in bronze and white metal, as a memorial of the Exhibition.

DUBLIN ARTIZANS' EXHIBITION, 1885.- An elaborate piece of workmanship, with four round spaces, representing Painting, Sculpture, Building, and Manufactures, by emblematic figures, resting on a wreath of olives, the interspaces filled by Celtic ornamentation and fancy work. Reverse inscribed, IRISH ARTIZANS EXHIBITION . DUBLIN, in large letters on a field of shamrocks. In centre a harp and Celtic knots, over which is a blank label for engraving, and the date, 1885. Size, 2·2.

This was given to the successful exhibitors at the Artizans' Exhibition. I have an early proof medal in bronze.

DUBLIN ARTIZANS' EXHIBITION, 1885.- TO COMMEMORATE THE IRISH ARTIZANS EXHIBITION, 1885, inscribed around the centre, which represents, on four shields, the arms of the provinces of Ireland; between each shield is a shamrock, and in small letters above are the names of the provinces. Reverse.- A well-executed female head to left, wearing a mural crown, behind which is EBLANA; on the neck of the figure, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE | DUBLIN. Size, 1·4.

This commemoration medal was designed to be sold at the Exhibition.

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It was struck in white metal and bronze. I have the first white metal impression taken from the dies.

NATIONAL DOG SHOW, DUBLIN.- Inscribed in old English letters, around a blank centre for engraving. Reverse.- Heads of eight varieties of dogs, each in a medallion; in centre a harp crowned, also in a medallion, surrounded with shamrocks; beneath the harp, in small letters, J. W. Size, 1·8.

This was issued, in silver and bronze, in the year 1873, for prizes. I have a bronze proof impression. It may possibly have been employed afterwards for similar exhibitions.

DUBLIN INTERNATIONAL DAIRY SHOW, 1882.- Inscribed outside wreaths of corn; the centre blank for engraving. Reverse.- Cow standing, and calf lying down. In exergue, in small letters, WOODHOUSE FECIT. Size, 1·6.

The reverse was taken from a medal of the Royal Dublin Society, made by W. Woodhouse. I have a white metal impression. It records one of the earlier efforts of Canon Bagot, and some energetic friends of his to excite an interest in the improved process of dairy farming.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- Inscribed outside olive wreaths, with blank centre for engraving. Reverse.- A seated female figure to left, placing her hand on a camera to withdraw its covering; around are photographic and chemical apparatus. In exergue, INSTITUTED | AD 1854; and in minute letters, W W to left of base, and J W to right. Size, 1·5.

This medal was made for Sir Jocelyn Coghill, at that time President of the Photographic Society. About ten were struck in silver, and a few bronze proof impressions, of which I possess an example.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- Inscription similar to last, around centre, composed of an ornamented quarterfoil, with shamrocks, containing four shields, bearing the arms of the provinces of Ireland. Reverse.- Olive wreaths, with blank centre for engraving. Size, 2·1.

The Society, having been reorganized, caused this medal to be struck a few years since. I have a bronze medal, and a white metal proof.

DUBLIN METROPOLITAN AMATEUR REGATTA.- This medal, made several years since, was inscribed with those words outside a coil of knotted rope, within which was a racing gig in full course, to left. Reverse.- Wreaths of olive, with two oars crossed at lower part, and a small flag; the centre blank for engraving. Struck in gold. Size, 1·3.

IRISH CHAMPION ATHLETIC CLUB.- CHAMPION WRESTLER thus inscribed, around blank centre for engraving name. Reverse.- Two athletes engaged in wrestling; J W in small letters at base to right.

One medal was struck in gold, and six in silver. I have a white metal proof impression. A "Badge" was also struck for this Club, consisting of an Irish cross, with arms of equal length upon a circle, bearing the words, IRISH | CHAMPION | ATHLETIC | CLUB | . It was pendant from a bar, with Imperial Crown and shamrocks. Struck in bronze, of which I have a proof.

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FITZWILLIAM LAWN TENNIS CLUB AD. MDCCCLXXVII.- Inscribed round centre, which consists of an oval shield, with harp and crown resting on a star, bearing shamrocks. Reverse.- Blank. Size 1·0.

A "Champion" medal in gold, weighing 11 dwt., was struck in 1884. I have the white metal proof.

COMMERCIAL ROWING CLUB, SLIGO.- Inscribed in small, square letters round blank centre. Reverse.- The arms of Sligo: a square tower and tree; at base a hare running, held by an oyster at its foot, and six other oysters around on the shore. In the distance the sea is represented. Size, 1·3.

This medal was struck in July, 1880; six made in silver, and twelve in white metal. I have a white metal proof impression.

LIMERICK GAELIC ASSOCIATION.- Inscribed around a shield with the arms of Limerick: an old castle and gate, behind which is a dome, with cross. Under this in minute letters I. W. DUBLIN. Reverse.- CHAMPIONSHIP | MEDAL, with raised border bearing shamrocks. Size, 1·3.

I have a white metal impression. I do not know the history of this Association.

E. DWYER GRAY MEDAL.- This medal bears the following lengthy inscriptions :- AUGUST 16^TH 1882 | E DWYER GRAY Esq. M P HIGH SHERIFF OF DUBLIN CITY | COMMITTED TO RICHMOND PRISON BY | MR JUSTICE LAWSON FOR THREE MONTHS | FINED £500 AND ORDERED TO FIND | BAIL IN £10,000 OR BE IMPRISONED FOR | A FURTHER THREE MONTHS FOR | "CONTEMPT OF COURT" | -.-. SEPTEMBER 30^TH MR GRAY WITHOUT | SOLICITATION LIBERATED BY THE | SAME JUDGE ON PAYMENT OF | THE FINE, WHICH HAD | BEEN PROVIDED BY | PUBLIC SUBSCRIPTION. Reverse.- OCTOBER 24^TH 1882 | RIGHT HON W E GLADSTONE | PRIME MINISTER DECLARED IN THE | HOUSE OF COMMONS, IN REFERENCE TO | MR GRAYS CASE THE INTENTION OF | GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE A BILL IN THE | COMING SESSION TO AMEND THE | LAW REGARDING | "CONTEMPT OF COURT" -.- PRESENTED TO | THE HIGH SHERIFF, | IN COMMEMORATION OF THESE | EVENTS. BY THE | GRAY | INDEMNITY COMMITTEE DEC. 1882.

There was a single impression struck in gold. Size, 2·0. I obtained the rare proof taken in white metal, and the dies, being of no artistic value, were destroyed. It is needless to give any details of the circumstances recorded by these inscriptions. The subsequent history of the medal is, however, worth describing. It was given to the Corporation of Dublin, by Mr. Gray, to be attached to the High Sheriff's Chain of Office.

THE BOYCOTT EXPEDITION.- Inscribed under an Imperial Crown IN HONOUR | OF THE | LOYAL & BRAVE | ULSTERMEN. Reverse.- THE BOYCOTT EXPEDITION | LOUGH MASK | 1880, with blank space for inscription; wreaths of olives, and underneath WEST & SON in very small letters. Size, 1·6.

The following extract will describe the history of this medal:-

"A silver medal has been struck to commemorate the Boycott Expedition. Each person who took part in the expedition is to be presented with one, his name being engraved thereon, and a specimen is to be presented to the British Museum." Fifty Ulstermen were engaged in this historic campaign. I obtained the first proof impression, made in white metal,

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from the unpolished die. Messrs. West & Son, whose names appear on the medals, were the Dublin silversmiths through whom they were supplied.

MASTER MAGRATH.- On the death of this celebrated greyhound, the property of Lord Lurgan, its body was duly brought to the Medical School in Dublin University, and examined; the heart was observed to be of exceptional size. Mr. J. Woodhouse, who was much devoted to coursing, prepared a small die for a scarf-pin; and as the resulting figure was successful, he made it into a medal, and struck me a white metal proof. Under the dog is inscribed M^cGRATH 1868 & 69, in small letters. The reverse is blank. Size, 1·3. I believe only one impression was struck.

MASONIC ROYAL ARCH MEDAL.- On one side of this medal are interlaced triangles and an inscription A INV-3381. On reverse, around a triple tau, are K.T.W.S.S.T.K.S. Size, 1·6.

The dies were not hardened after engraving. A single impression was struck in bronze for Royal Arch Room, Dublin, for masonic purposes, in February, 1879; and I obtained the white medal proof which was made from these dies.

MASONIC ORPHAN BOYS' SCHOOL, IRELAND.- This inscription is placed round a wreath of acacia and olive branches, with blank centre for engraving. Reverse.- Solomon and Hiram consulting about the erection of the Temple; behind are pillars, cut stones, &c. In exergue, I. CHRON xxii; to the right, under Hiram, J W. Size, 1·6.

This prize medal was made in the year 1878. One was intended to be given in silver each year. I have a white metal proof.

MASONIC ORPHAN (GIRLS') SCHOOL, IRELAND.- View of the new school built at Merrion-road. Inscription, MASONIC FEMALE ORPHAN SCHOOL. In exergue, OF IRELAND. Underneath the building to right, in small letters, J W. Reverse.- SCHOOL FOUNDED 1792 NEW BUILDING MERRION ROAD OPENED 1882. In centre, FOUNDATION STONE | OF NEW SCHOOL LAID | ON | ST JOHNS DAY 1880 | BY | HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF | ABERCORN K G. | M W. | GRAND MASTER. Masonic emblems at top and bottom. Size, 1·6.

Mr. Woodhouse contributed these medals to a most successful bazaar, which was instituted on opening the school. I have an impression in white metal from the unfinished die before the building was fully engraved, also white metal and bronze proofs.

MASONIC ORPHAN (GIRLS') SCHOOL, IRELAND.- A similar medal, with view of the school. Reverse.- Wreaths of acacia and olive, with crown above and masonic emblems below. Inscription, FOR SUCCESS IN ART AWARDED TO. Size, 1·6.

Intended to be given as a prize for diligence in art studies, by Mr. Woodhouse.

ERASMUS SMITH'S SCHOOLS PRIZE MEDAL.- A head of Minerva with helmet, and armour on upper part of bust; beneath, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE A.R.H.A. The inscription being INGENIO VIRTUTE LABORE. Reverse.- A shield, which is supported and rests on an anchor, bearing the

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arms of Erasmus Smith, having palm wreaths at the sides. The motto is, MUNIFICENTIA ERASMI SMITH. Size, 1·8.

This medal, which is struck in silver, and engraved with the name of the pupil and of the school he belonged to, is a repetition of that made by William Woodhouse. The head of Minerva is more finished, and differs in some trifling details. Six of these medals were to be distributed; of late years the number has been considerably increased. They are given to the schools at Galway, Ennis, Drogheda, and Tipperary, and also to the High School, Harcourt-street, Dublin. I have an impression in silver.

CHURCH OF IRELAND YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.- The medal has this inscription around a blank centre for engraving the name, &c. Reverse.- A shield, with the arms of the See of Dublin; above is an open Bible, and underneath a ribbon, inscribed, PROVE ALL THINGS, HOLD FAST THAT WHICH IS GOOD. Below this, in small letters, J. W. Size, 1·8.

This medal was first issued in 1876. It is awarded, struck in silver, each year. I have a white metal proof, being the second made from the dies.

BOARD OF RELIGIOUS EDUCATION, GENERAL SYNOD, CHURCH OF IRELAND.- This medal has the inscription around a centre, having an open Bible, resting on an heraldic Irish cross, above being a mitre, and at the sides two crossed croziers. Reverse.- ASSOCIATION FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN EDUCATION, with the words AWARDED TO at top of blank centre. Size, 1·4.

Made in the year 1886. Intended to be struck in gold and silver for premiums. I have a bronze proof impression.

CHURCH OF IRELAND SUNDAY SCHOOL MEDAL.- Two open books, marked HOLY BIBLE and COMMON PRAYER, and above a mitre, with the words CHURCH OF IRELAND; on a ribbon, underneath, PROVE ALL THINGS, and some shamrocks. Reverse.- Blank, with a palm wreath. Size, 1·8.

I possess a bronze proof of this medal. It was intended by Mr. Woodhouse to be used as a premium for Sunday School scholars. I also have an early-struck white metal impression (made in 1876), with shamrock wreath on the reverse.

CHURCH OF IRELAND SUNDAY SCHOOL MEDAL.- A similar medal, with Mr. Woodhouse's obverse of open books, mitre, &c. Reverse struck from a die made by Carter of Birmingham, representing the "Good Shepherd," with sheep, and carrying a lamb; beneath, in small letters, CARTER-BIRM. Motto, HE SHALL GATHER THE LAMBS IN HIS ARMS | THE GOOD SHEPHERD. Size, 1·8.

I have an impression in white metal. The circumstances attending the striking of this medal are not known to me. It was probably struck in large quantities at Birmingham.

MEDAL OF THE ROYAL SCHOOL, DONEGAL.- This bears a bishop's mitre, with Greek inscription, EPEYNATE _A_ _PA_A_ I_ANN. V.39. Below the mitre, in minute letters, J WOODHOUSE A.R.H.A. Reverse.- SCHOLA REGIA DONEGALENSIS - REV. T. A. WEIR PRECEPTOR. Size, 1·8.

The Raphoe Royal School was founded in the reign of Charles I. I

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have a finished bronze proof impression of the medal, and also one struck in white metal, with the mitre, &c., and reverse blank, with shamrock wreath.

PORTORA SCHOOL MEDAL.- Head of young man to right. Inscription, FREDERICK STEELE DIED 5 NOV 1866; on the neck, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- Blank, with oak and olive wreaths. Size, 2·1.

The Royal School at Enniskillen was founded in the reign of Charles I. A son of Rev. W. Steele, D.D., Head Master, was drowned when boating on Lough Erne; in remembrance of this accident the Steele Memorial Prize, "value £12," is annually awarded, and this medal was struck as a record of his death. I have a bronze impression.

LONDONDERRY SCHOOL MEDAL.- A view of the buildings; above is inscribed, LONDONDERRY ACADEMICAL | INSTITUTION | 1868 and in exergue _k ¶ai__las aidws SCHOOL MEDAL. The letters J W to left of school. Reverse.- An oval shield, with orange-tree, and motto on ribbon, EK HAIAEI_ AIA__, and also two square shields, with the arms of the city of Derry and of Ulster; outside, a blank space for engraving. Size, 1·6.

Two medals, struck in silver, and one in gold, were issued in January 1880, with a blank reverse, of which I have a white metal proof. In October, 1880, the reverse was added; and of this also I possess a white metal proof impression.

THE NORTON MEDAL.- The medal represents Captain Norton standing in a country scene, with trees, &c., throwing a spear in Australian fashion from a rest; in exergue, PRIDE IN HIS PORT | DEFIANCE IN HIS EYE. Reverse.- Oak and olive wreaths, outside which is, PRESENTED TO THE BEST SPEAR THROWER AT THE SANTRY SCHOOL, and in centre, THE NORTON MEDAL | AIEN API_EYEIN. Size, 1·6.

This is a medal of exceptional rarity. About twenty impressions were struck in silver, of which nineteen were remelted, and one issued as some accident occurred from the spear throwing, which led to its being abandoned, and further competition stopped. There were, I believe, two bronze proofs made, and the copy in white metal which was specially struck for my cabinet.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- Helmetted head and bust of Minerva in armour; to left marked J W in minute letters. Reverse.- Wreaths of fruit and cornheads. Size, 1·6.

Issued as an ordinary school premium. I have a white metal impression.

PORTARLINGTON MEDAL.- Arms of Lord Portarlington, with supporters, motto, &c. ; HENRICUS COMES DE PORTARLINGTON III. ; in minute letters on the ribbon with motto, J. W. Reverse.- Elevation of Tullamore College, with J W to left, IN COLLEGIO TULLIOLANO SOC JES | SCIENTIARUM FAUTOR | D.D.D. Exergue, blank for engraving. Size, 2·6.

Presented in silver gilt, one each year, and in 1878, for the first time, in silver. I have a white metal proof.

PORTARLINGTON MEDAL.- A medal for athletic sports; obverse similar to last. Reverse.- Draped figure of Hercules with club; surrounded by

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olive wreaths, and inscribed ATHLETIC PRIZE in old English characters. Size, 2·1. Struck in silver.

ST. STANISLAUS' JESUIT COLLEGE, TULLAMORE.- Elevation of the College buildings, surrounded by a fancy wreath, J. W. to left, FORSTER & Co to right. Inscription, SOC JESU COLLEG TULLIOLAN SANCTI STANISLAI, in old English letters. Reverse.- A blank centre, with olive wreaths, and around this, VIRTUTI AC DILIGENTIA BENE MERENTI. Size, 2·1.

This prize medal was struck in silver. I have no copy of it.

JESUIT COLLEGE, GALWAY.- View of the church; inscribed, COLLEGIUM S. IGNATII SOC JESU GALVIENSE; and underneath, J WOODHOUSE. In exergue, A M D G. Reverse.- Blank. Size, 2·6.

Struck in silver for premiums. I possess a bronze proof impression.

ST. VINCENT'S COLLEGE, CASTLEKNOCK.- A view of the college buildings; COLLEGIUM SANCTI VINCENTII | APUD | CASTLEKNOCK | MDCCCXXXIV | In exergue, in small letters, RELIGIONI ET SCIENTIAE; the initials J W under left of building. Reverse.- Two large olive wreaths; and on the ribbon, in small letters, J W. Within is inscribed, IN | DOCTRINA | CHRISTIANA | ET | HISTORICA | ECCLESIASTICA | LAUREAM MERUIT, Size, 2·1.

Four medals silver-gilt and three of silver were struck in 1881. I have bronze and white metal proof impressions.

CLONGOWES COLLEGE.- A view of the college buildings. Inscription, COOPT.IN.CONG B V MARIÆ AP COLL CLUEN. In exergue, in minute characters, J WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- Figure of the Virgin, with outstretched hands, standing above a serpent; MARIA SINE LABE CONCEPTA ORA PRO NOBIS. The name J WOODHOUSE, is also placed under the figure. Size, 1·4.

I have one of these medals made in silver. Sixty were struck in 1868.

FRENCH COLLEGE, BLACKROCK, Co. DUBLIN.- COLLEGE FRANÇAIS DE L'IM^R CŒUR DE MARIE-BLACKROCK DUBLIN. Within are two olive wreaths and two of lilies, with flowers; in centre a heart in flames, pierced by a sword, and surrounded by a row of roses; above this a rayed triangle with dove. Reverse.- Two olive wreaths; outside, ON THE VOTE OF HIS COMRADES, SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF HIS MASTERS. In centre space, AWARDED | TO --- FOR | GOOD CONDUCT. Size, 1·8,

The impression in my cabinet is a bronze proof.

CONVENT SCHOOL MEDAL.- Seated nun teaching children; above a cross with rays. On pedestal J. W. BROWNE & NOLAN. In exergue, PRO DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA. Reverse.- A thick wreath of shamrocks. Size, 1·6.

I have a proof taken in white metal. It was struck in 1883 for Mr. Browne (of the firm of Browne & Nolan, Nassau-street), as a premium for convent schools.

DUNHEVED COLLEGE, LAUNCESTON.- This is one of the few medals struck in Ireland for use in England. The inscription is as given, with

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FOUNDED 1873, around a shield, having armorial bearings; on a ribbon is the motto BENE ORASSE BENE STUDISSE, surrounded by roses, shamrocks, and thistles. Reverse.- Blank, with palm wreaths. Size, 1·8.

There are bronze and white metal proofs of this medal in my possession.

HEADFORD AGRICULTURAL MEDAL.- Arms of the Marquis of Headford, with supporters, &c. Motto, CONSEQUITUR QUODCUNQUE PETIT. Above, the word HEADFORD, and in exergue, FROM THE | LANDLORD | TO | HIS IMPROVING TENANT. J W on the ribbon, with motto. Reverse.- Wreath of shamrocks and blank centre. Size, 1·8.

Made in silver in 1875 ; to be given each year. I have a white metal proof impression.

LANSDOWNE AGRICULTURAL MEDAL.- Armorial bearings of the Marquis of Lansdowne, with supporters, and motto, VIRTUTE NON VERBIS. Under this, in very small letters, J WOODHOUSE, and in exergue, FROM THE | LANDLORD | TO | HIS IMPROVING TENANT | . Reverse.- Blank centre, surrounded by olive wreaths. Size, 1·8.

This medal was issued struck in silver. I have a white metal proof impression.

BALLINASLOE DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.- Thus inscribed around a blank centre for engraving. Reverse.- A sheep with two lambs, beneath which, to right, is J WOODHOUSE.

This medal was struck in 1882. I have a white metal proof.

BANBRIDGE FARMING SOCIETY.- Farm-house and yard, with domestic cattle. At base to right side, J W. Inscription above the farm-house, BANBRIDGE FARMING SOCIETY, and in exergue, A.D. 1878. Reverse.- A blank centre, surrounded by corn wreaths, having two sickles at their junction. Size, 2·0.

I have a white metal proof, the first impression taken from the die.

AGRICULTURAL MEDAL.- Mare and foal; in small letters at base, J W. Reverse.- Blank centre, with wreaths of palm, olive, and oak. Size, 1·8.

This was made for general use, and struck October, 1880. I have a white metal proof.

AGRICULTURAL MEDAL.- Hayrick and farm-house to left; in front a cow, on which a female rests her hand; and a modern plough, where a young man is seated. There is a harrow and fowl in the foreground, also sheep, pig, &c. Near the edge of medal, J WOODHOUSE. Reverse.- Blank, with olive wreaths. Size, 2·0.

The impression I have of this medal was specially made for me on softened thick leather; for after twenty-four medals were struck, in the winter season of 1874, the die suddenly cracked into several pieces during the night-time, the weather being unusually cold. This disruption of an annealed steel die may be due to internal crystallization of the metal, and to irregular tension during sudden exposure to low degrees of temperature. Mr. Woodhouse informed me that he found it liable to occur with certain descriptions of steel, which he carefully avoided using.

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CLONES UNION FARMING SOCIETY.- The medal bears this inscription outside two olive wreaths enclosing a blank centre. Reverse.- A ram of the improved Leicester breed, and in the exergue, in small letters, J WOODHOUSE. Size, 2·0.

This medal was made in January, 1870. Mr. Woodhouse went to considerable trouble in obtaining a correct representation of the Leicester ram. It may be gratifying to an agriculturist; but the utter absence of artistic beauty in the animal is remarkable, which resembles an over-stuffed pillow, supported by four little feet. I have a white metal proof impression.

Other agricultural medals were made and struck by J. Woodhouse, of which I possess no record or examples.

QUEEN'S COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.- An Irish harp, surmounted by an Imperial Crown ; underneath are two copias crossing, filled with fruits and flowers; above, on a ribbon, is UTILE DULCI. A raised embossed border, with shamrocks, surrounds the centre part. Reverse.- Blank, with wreath of corn and fruits. Size, 1·8.

Issued in silver, as a prize medal, some years since. I have a white metal proof.

TEMPERANCE MEDALS.- Several varieties of dies were employed. Those of which I possess examples are;-

HIBERNIAN BAND OF HOPE UNION.- Hibernia, with harp and wolf-dog, presents two children to a seated female, whose robe is marked TEMPERANCE. In exergue is, SAVE THE CHILDREN. Reverse.- Shamrock wreaths, temperance pledge, and a quotation from Scripture. Size, 1·6. Issued in hundreds; struck in white metal; of this I have an impression; and one was made in bronze, which is in my cabinet.

CHURCH OF IRELAND TEMPERANCE ASSOCIATION.- Thus inscribed around the temperance pledge ; underneath are wreaths of shamrocks. On reverse, St. Patrick holding a book, and displaying the shamrock WATCH & PRAY THAT YE ENTER NOT INTO TEMPTATION. MATT, XXVI. 41. Size, 1·4.

Largely issued in white metal. The die was made December, 1879.

CHURCH OF IRELAND TEMPERANCE ASSOCIATION, PARISH OF BRAY.- A fish-shaped medal thus inscribed in eight lines. Reverse.- Blank. Has a ring for suspension. Size, 1·2 by 0·9.

Issued in white metal, of which I have an impression.

DERRY AND RAPHOE, DIOCESAN TEMPERANCE SOCIETY.- Inscribed around a blank centre on a fish-shaped medal, with loop for suspension. Reverse.- Centre blank, and outside, FREE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. Size as. last.

KINGSLAND PARK, DUBLIN.- Inscribed around a temperance pledge. Reverse.- An open Bible resting on the world as a globe; outside, METHODIST BAND OF HOPE. Size, 1·4.

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SOUTH GREAT GEORGE'S-STREET.- A similar medal to that last described. Both medals issued in white metal.

RUAN TEMPERANCE SOCIETY.- Inscribed RUAN above a shamrock, Outside is, TEMPERANCE SOCIETY A.M.D.G ESTABLISHED JAN^Y 23^RD 1876. Reverse.- Bust of Father Mathew to left ; on arm, J WOODHOUSE DUBLIN. Inscription, THE VERY REV^D THEOBALD MATHEW. Size, 1·8.

Struck in white metal, of which I have a specimen. Ruan is a post-town near Ennis.

ST. PATRICK'S JUVENILE TEMPERANCE SOCIETY.- Inscribed around an ornamented Irish cross (the Monasterboice Cross). In exergue, J WOODHOUSE DUBLIN. Reverse.- St. Patrick to left, with mitre and crozier, holding a shamrock; behind are a round tower and mountains, with the sun rising over the sea. SAINT PATRICK APOSTLE OF IRELAND PRAY FOR US. Underneath, A D 432; and on a stone J W. Size, 1·7.

I have a white metal proof. This medal was made in 1878. Two thousand were struck for the Rev. the Rector of Phibsborough.

OSSORY TOTAL ABSTINENCE ASSOCIATION.- Obverse, similar to reverse of last-described medal, but engraved on a smaller die ; inscription as given, and underneath, S^T PATRICK APOSTLE OF IRELAND PRAY FOR US. In exergue, AD 432. Reverse.- A representation of the Crucifixion ; around this the pledge, I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS DURING MY LIFE | 1880 | Above the date is inscribed, I THIRST. Size, 1·5.

I have a white metal impression. This medal was struck in large numbers.

GUILD OF ALL SAINTS.- Thus inscribed, with crown and shamrocks, beneath two crossed palm branches. Reverse.- A decorated cross, and the words NO CROSS, NO CROWN. A fish-shaped medal for suspension, 1·8 by 1·0. Made in white metal and bronze, in 1875, for Rev. Dr. Maturin, parish of Grangegorman. I have an impression in white metal.
 

Oval and fish-shaped white metal medals, struck for Religious Associations and Confraternities.

Mr. Woodhouse made several, of which I have examples. It appears needless to describe them, as they are not important or interesting.

IRISH HOME RULE LEAGUE.- A four-rayed star, with centre bearing a shamrock, over a circle with four shields of small size, having the arms of the provinces of Ireland ; inscription, in small letters, IRISH HOME RULE LEAGUE.

About 500 were struck in bronze for the Home Rule Procession in 1879. I have an impression.

MASONIC ORPHAN SCHOOLS, DUBLIN.- Inscribed on a raised border, resting on a star of two triangles, crossing ; in centre, Charity, as a female, is represented with three children, one of whom has an anchor, and another carries a cross. Made with ring for suspension.

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This star was made for the Masonic Schools for premiums. I have a bronze impression.

Badges or stars were also made for:-

Royal Academy of Music.
Dublin University Athletic Club.
Irish Champion Athletic Club.
Queen's Institute, Dublin founded A.D. 1861.
Morehampton House School, Dublin.
Miss Creighton's school, Dublin.

I also possess a long list of important official seals, engraved by Mr. J. Woodhouse for dignitaries of the Protestant and Catholic Churches in Ireland, for Public Boards, Institutions, and Corporate Bodies: in fact, with few exceptions, all such dies were made by him which were required for many years past in this kingdom.

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[Reprinted from the "JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL AND ARCHÆOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND" for January and April, 1888.]

THE MEDALLISTS OF IRELAND AND THEIR WORK.

By WILLIAM FRAZER, F.R.C.S.I.,

Member of Council and Librarian, Royal Irish Academy.

[Continued from page 208.]

No. IV.

MEDALS COMMEMORATIVE OF DEAN SWIFT.- It appears desirable to collect together all the medallic records of Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's ; they are far from numerous, but possess that special interest which invests every subject connected with his life and literary history, especially to natives of Ireland.

REV. J. SWIFT, D.S.P.D.- Bust, with three-quarters face turned to left, in wig and canonicals; contained within a small oval frame, supported by a winged child on clouds. Minerva underneath seated to the left, having behind her a Gorgon shield, and at her side a shield with Irish harp, to which she points; to the right is a female with her arm resting on a pile of books, who crowns the Dean with a wreath, Above is a winged figure of Fame, with crescent on the forehead. Inscription on a scroll under the bust. Reverse.- Hibernia, seated, to left with harp and olive-branch ; in the background a shepherd and his flock, and view of the sea, with ships. In exergue, MDCCXXXVIII - I.R. FECIT.

Size, 1·5. This is a rudely-executed medal, cast in silver; the obverse is copicd from an engraving by P. Simms, on the title-page of a volume of Swift's works, published in 1734. It is stated in the British Museum Catalogue to be "very rare." I have a good specimen.

IONAT SWIFT, S.T.P. ET. D.S.P. IN Hib.- A three-quarter faced bust of Swift, to waist, in full wig, and with canonicals; head towards the right; executed in high relief; beneath the bust are the words NON PAREIL. Reverse.- Blank, with the letters I.P.F.

An oval portrait, measuring 3·05 by 2·4. Cast in iron, with polished letters. The portrait is a close copy of Virtue's engraving, from which it is taken, being the frontispiece to Swift's works, published by Faulkner, in 1735. It is stated by the writer, in the "Medallic Illustrations of British History," to have been made by "Isaac Parkes," a well-known die-sinker and medallist in this city; but I do not feel disposed to accept the statement. The original, and I believe, unique specimen, in the British Museum was purchased at a sale of the late Dr. R. R. Madden's, and, owing to the kindness of the Museum authorities, I obtained an excellent replica. Dr. Aquilla Smith possesses an impression - a round, not oval - made in gutta-percha, which he took from the original iron mould or die that was in the possession of Sir William Wilde, who purchased it in Dublin, and which was broken by him in his endeavouring to obtain impressions. The fragments were, I understand, thrown away or lost.

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I consider this die was made about the time of the last-described medal, and the unique iron casting made from it for some special object-possibly for the lid of a box.

See Madden's "Sale Catalogue," 1865, where he describes it as "unique and valuable," and conjectures it was made in France.

DEAN SWIFT.- A medal intended by William S. Mossop to form one of his projected series of illustrious Irishmen, which he never completed. The die of this medal was left unhardened, and without inscription. I have already described it.

DEAN SWIFT.- A little medallet, with portrait of the Dean, who is represented late in life, attired with full wig, bands, and robes to waist. He is full-faced, and looks to the left. Inscribed, J.S.D.D. - S.P.D. Reverse.- Blank.

Size, ·6. Struck in silver. This exceptionally rare medal is, I believe, the work of one of the Mossops. The die is lost. I have a good specimen.

DEAN SWIFT.- In a framed collection of impressions of seals in wax, belonging to the Mossops, was discovered the original portrait from which the last-described medallet was copied. It was extremely well cut, and appears to have been a striking likeness. I got it reproduced in silver by electrotyping, and wish to record it to prevent mistakes hereafter. The costume differs somewhat, and is more in detail. Oval. Size, 1·1 by ·9.

THE LOUTH ELECTION, 1ST Nov., 1755.- A rock rises from the sea, on which Hibernia stands, holding a harp; the four winds blow on the surface of the rock. Inscription, FIRM TO OUR COUNTRY AS THE ROCK IN THE SEA. Reverse.- BY OUR | STRICT | UNION IN LOUTH | WE DISAPPOINTED THE | HOPES OF OUR ENEMIES | ON THE 1 OF NOVEM | 1755 IN THE 29 YEAR | OF THE REIGN OF | K GEO THE II | WHOM GOD LONG | PRESERVE | . Above is a heart, with two hands united together, and around the inscription, MAY THE LOVERS OF LIBERTY NEVER LOSE IT.

Size, 1·75. Struck in silver; and some years since one in lead appeared for sale in a catalogue. It is not a common medal, and was made for the Louth Independent Club, which succeeded in returning Thomas Tipping and Hon. W. Fortescue as members of Parliament, in opposition to Mr. Bellingham. It resembles the work of Thomas Ping, who probably struck it.

COUNTY WESTMEATH ELECTION, 25TH JULY, 1768.- Liberty, embracing a pillar with her right arm, and supporting herself by it; her left resting on a shield; casque and other emblems lying at her feet: VINCIT AMOR PATRIAE ANNO 1768. Reverse.- A hand presenting a civic crown - PRESENTED TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE A MALONE BY THE FREE AND INDEPENDENT ELECTORS OF THE COUNTY OF WESTMEATH IN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF HIS STRENUOUS & SUCCESSFUL SUPPORT OF THEIR INTERESTS ON THE 25 OF JULY, 1768.

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As I have not this medal, the description is imperfect. Anthony Malone, born in 1700, represented Westmeath for several years. In 1757, he became Chancellor of the Irish Exchequer, and afterwards a member of the Privy Council. He died 8th May, 1776.

THE TRUE PATRIOT SOCIETY, 1754 ?- A bust, with bald head, on a pedestal to right. Motto: DULCE ET DECORUM EST PRO PATRIA MORI. Reverse.- Hibernia, represented standing, holding an Irish harp, inscribed LIBERTAS ET NATALE SOLUM.

Size, 1·6. Struck in silver. There is an impression in the Royal Irish Academy. I know nothing of its history. In Sanders' Sale Catalogue it is ascribed to the "True Patriot Society."

MEDAL OF THE CHARITABLE MUSICAL SOCIETY.- Pero is represented nursing her father, Cimon, within a prison. Inscription, I WAS IN PRISON AND YE CAME UNTO ME. Reverse.- An open music-book, with several musical instruments, and outside a name is engraved of the owner, within a border.

Size, 1·5. Struck in bronze. I possess two different medals; one of much earlier workmanship, and rude execution, with large letters ; it has the name of ROB STEPHENSON ESQ. The second medal is of better fabrication, and later date of manufacture; of this I have two examples with the names of IOHN CVRTIS & RICH^D NELSON.

There is frequent mention in Falkner's Journal of "The Charitable Musical Society for the benefit and enlargement of poor distressed prisoners for debt in the several marshalseas of the city of Dublin." This was held in the Bull's Head Tavern in Fishamble-street, and removed, in 1741, to their great music-hall in the same street. It was only one of a numerous following, such as the Charitable Musical Society, held at "The Bear," in College-green; the Charitable Musical Society, in Vicar-street, for enlarging the fund for the reception of the sick and wounded poor of this kingdom into Dr. Steevens's Hospital; the Charitable Musical Society in Crow-street; and the Musical Society in Werburgh-street. There were likewise similar Associations founded in Cork, Drogheda, &c. ; but the Fishamble-street Society appears to have been the principal one, and had the honour of taking a prominent part in inviting Handel to visit Dublin, in 1741. It probably experienced the usual vicissitudes of Irish societies, and declined until 1757, when Lord Mornington revived it so effectually that, by the loan of small sums of money, it relieved nearly 1300 distressed families. Finally it developed into the "Charitable Musical Loan," which still exists, though marshalseas and their wretched inhabitants have long since disappeared.

ASSOCIATION OF PAINTERS AND SCULPTORS.- A boy is represented sculpturing a bust, and behind him another with pallet and colours ; in the background a column with capital. Reverse.- Marked, EXHIBITION TICKET.

This Association flourished about 1756. It erected, with the assistance of a parliamentary grant, an exhibition-room in William-street, but was not incorporated, and falling into difficulties, was ejected in 1800 from the rooms, which became the "City Hall." Probably it was one of these medals which is described, in a sale catalogue in Edinburgh, as "belonging to a Dublin Society of artists, with figures emblematic of sculpture and

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painting. Presented to N. Revelt, 5th March, 1771," with hook for suspension.

FRIENDLY BROTHERS OF ST. LUKE.- There is in the Royal Irish Academy an engraved medal in copper, having this inscription, and a representation of St. Luke as a painter, and behind him a bull's head.

Size, 2·5. There is no record of this association, so far as I can ascertain; it was probably one of the minor artistic clubs of Dublin about 1760.

PRIMATE ROKEBY.- A bust similar to that in Mossop's medal, to right; inscribed, RICH HIBERN PRIMUS BARO ROKEBY DE ARMAGH. Reverse.- A view of the Library, Armagh, TO TH_ _YKH_ IATPEION; and in the exergue, BIBLIOTH ARMAC | MDCCLXXI | KIRKE F | .

Size, 1·5. A bronze impression in Royal Irish Academy. The Primate was born in Yorkshire, in 1709; became primate in 1765, and was subsequently created Baron Rokeby; he died 10th October, 1794. This medal commemorates his erection of the Library in Armagh. That struck by Mossop records his gift of the Observatory. The artist, John Kirke, was a pupil of Dassier's, and obtained premiums from the Society of Arts; he became a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists, and exhibited medals at their annual exhibitions. He died in London, 27th November, 1776.

DEBATING SOCIETY, TRINITY COLLEGE.- I have described two early-struck medals of the "COLLEGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY," in connexion with the works of the elder Mossop. Owing to the kindness of the Rev. Mr. Carson, the following medal of the DEBATING SOCIETY | TRIN^Y COLL^E | DUBLIN, is recorded. It bears, in addition, the words, ADJUDGED THIS MEDAL TO | ROB^T HICKSON | FOR HIS DISTINGUISHED | MERIT IN | ORATORY JUNE 19^TH 1795 |. Reverse.- A wreath of oak and laurel. Motto NEC ABEST | FACUNDIS | GRATIA | DICTIS.

Size, 1·5. Struck in silver, with loop for suspension. The inscription is engraved; but it appears deserving of record in relation to the history of the literary societies of Trinity College.

UNION BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.- Two emblematic figures of females are represented with joined hands; one bears a caduceus and shield of arms; the other has a copia and olive branch. Motto, IUNGUNTOR OPES. FIRMATUR IMPERIUM. I. JAN MDCCCI.

Size, 2·1. Struck in silver, copper, and copper-gilt. As I have not this medal the description is incomplete.

UNION BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND (2nd Medal).- Two female figures, emblematic of Great Britain and Ireland, with blazoned shield and harp resting against an altar, support a bundle of fasces, to which they are binding an olive branch ; behind is a pyramid, indicating solidity. Motto, FRIENDSHIP UNION AND PEACE. In exergue, the date 1800 ; and in small letters, HANCOCK on base line. Reverse.- Above, an open volume, inscribed ONE | LAW, lying on a sceptre and olive wreath, GREAT | BRITAIN | AND IRELAND | UNITED | MDCCC | . Beneath, a lion resting on an anchor, with scales of justice; to right an oak, and to left a shamrock; P K underneath.

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Size, 1·55. There is a silver impression in the Royal Irish Academy. I have a bronze proof, and have seen one in white metal, in the possession of Mr. Robertson of Kilkenny. The artist, J. G. Hancock, executed several good medals, and excelled in engraving portrait dies towards the end of the eighteenth century.

UNION BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND (3rd Medal).- Time, standing on a section of the globe, drops its hour-glass, and receives another from a hand in the clouds. Marked, in small letters, HANCOCK. Reverse.- The shamrock, rose, and thistle, with inscription, MAY THIS AND EVERY FUTURE AGE WITNESS THE PROSPERITY OF THE UNITED KINGDOMS; and in exergue, JANUARY 1^ST 1801.

Size, 1·65. Struck in white metal. Royal Irish Academy.

DEFEAT OF THE FRENCH FLEET, OCTOBER, 1798.- Bust, in naval uniform, to right, SIR J B WARREN BART K B REAR ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE; on the arm, in small letters, HANCOCK. Reverse.- Hibernia, turned to the left, is seated, playing on a harp, and holding with one hand an olive branch ; shield at her side with cannon, balls, &c. ; British ship and two smaller vessels at a distance. Above, on a raised rim is inscribed, ATTACKED AND DEFEATED THE FRENCH SQUADRON ON THE COAST OF IRELAND. In exergue, OCT^R 12^TH 1798.

Size, 2·5. Struck in bronze ; in Royal Irish Academy. The admiral was no relation to Sir J. Borlase Warren, of Co. Cork, who was born about the date of this battle, and baptized after the name of his distinguished namesake. Another medal, which is "anonymous," was struck in commemoration of the same victory, and may be appropriately considered here.

DEFEAT OF THE FRENCH FLEET (No. 2).- Three-quarter bust, in naval costume, to left. S^R J B WARREN BARONET. K B.; and in small letters, below the bust, THE LORD OF HOSTS IS WITH US. Reverse.- Two war ships engaged. Inscription, THE SISTER COUNTRY AGAIN RESCUED FROM INVASION. In exergue, BREST. SQUADRON DEFEAT^D | OFF TORY ISLAND | OCTOBER 12. 1798.

Size, 1·65. Struck in bronze, of which I have an impression. Sir J. B. Warren captured the "La Hogue" and four large French frigates. He was Ambassador to St. Petersburg in 1802, and died in 1822.

There are a few medals respecting which I have obtained imperfect information, and would place them on record in the hope of hereafter acquiring further knowledge respecting their history.

RICHARD KIRWAN, LL.D., F.R.S.- In the year 1792 a medal, struck in Irish gold, was presented to him by the Dublin Society, in recognition of his exertions in procuring for that Society the Leskean collections of minerals and other objects of natural history for which purpose a vote of £1200 was granted by the Irish Parliament, and to obtain their possession he went to Germany, and afterwards arranged the minerals. He had previously obtained the Copley Medal of the Royal Society for his chemical researches, and was elected president of the Royal Irish Academy in October, 1797, which he continued to hold until his death, in 1812. His portrait is preserved in the council-room of the Academy ;

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and an excellent memoir, published by Michael Donovan, M.R.I.A., contained in the Appendix to the 4th volume of their Proceedings. I have not succeeded in obtaining further information about this medal.

AUNGIER-STREET THEATRE, DUBLIN.- On May 8th, 1733, this theatre was commenced, four foundation stones being laid by the Right Hon. Richard Tighe, Hon. General Napier, William Tighe, Esq., and Hon. Sir Edward Lovett Pearce, Surveyor-General of the King's Works in Ireland. Each stone was laid to the sound of trumpets, bands of music, &c. ; and under each of them were placed "medals," struck for the occasion by the managers of the old Theatre Royal. Wine and ale were freely distributed, presents made to the workmen, and all the proceedings wound up by a dinner. See the Irish Builder of April 1, 1879.

I am not aware of any record of these medals except the notice above given.

SLIGO SOUP TICKET.- Struck in brass, with blank reverse. Size, ·9. This little medallet was probably made in the year 1798, when soup shops were opened under Government to relieve the prevalent distress of the poor; but there is no certain knowledge of its history to record.

THE RT. HONBLE. JOHN FOSTER.- Three-quarter bust, in full robes and wig, as Speaker of the Irish House of Commons; turned towards right. On the sleeve, in minute letters, D B HILL F. Reverse, inscribed SPEAKER | OF THE | IRISH HOUSE | OF | COMMONS | 1799.

Size, 1·6. This is a pewter medal, of rather rude workmanship. The specimen which I have is the only one that has fallen under my notice, and it appears, therefore, to be of rare occurrence. The name of its fabricator is not contained in the city directories of the time, and I know nothing of him.

JAMES BRUSH.

JAMES BRUSH is designated in Watson's Dublin Directory for 1797 as a jeweller and Madeira wine merchant, residing at 7, Andrew-street. We have an advertisement of his appearing in the Dublin Chronical newspaper on January 6th, 1789, which states:- "In the seal line, he presumes to say that no person in this city can equal him for neatness and durability of the settings. He has engaged an eminent seal-engraver from London, specimens of whose work are ready for inspection; among them is a striking likeness of Mr. Grattan." Engraved portraits of the popular patriot were in demand; and from a ring in my possession, with the likeness engraved on bloodstone, Mr. Brush's assertion of the high quality of his work appears to be fully sustained. He was treasurer to the Masonic Female Orphan School (founded in the year 1797, by Lodges 190 and 15) in 1800, at which time it was located in Cullenswood, and he then handed it over to the charge of Grand Lodge. His connexion with Irish medallic history depends on the two following medals that bear his name. They are stigmatized by Dean Dawson, in his Paper on Irish Medals and Medallists, as "miserable in point of design and workmanship;" but the expression is rather strong, and they possess interest regarded as historic records.

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ORANGE SOCIETY.- William the Third is represented on horse, to right, within a border of flowers, probably lilies. On a scroll above, THE GLORIOUS MEMORY ; and underneath, KING AND CONSTITUTION. Reverse.- A sword and sceptre crossed; behind a crown, within wreaths of leaves, bearing lilies; and below, on a scroll, GOD SAVE THE KING. Marked, in small letters, BRUSH, underneath the wreaths.

This medal is of oval shape, with ring for suspension, measuring 1·5 by 1·4. Struck in silver. Dean Dawson is of opinion that this was the original badge of the Orange Association, and struck soon after it was founded in 1797-98.

I have allowed the above statement to remain unchanged, but fear, like many other alleged "facts" in Irish history, it is not correct. The history of Orange societies remains to be written. As a contribution to the subject, I would refer to p. 236 of Charles Topham Bowden's Tour through Ireland for Two Months, commencing 23rd August, 1790 published in Dublin in 1791. He states, when at Belfast, "I was introduced to the Orange lodge by a Mr. Hyndeman, a merchant of the town. This lodge is composed of about three hundred gentlemen, amongst whom are the Hon. Mr. O'Neil, the Marquis of Antrim, the Marquis of Downshire, the Earl of Hillsborough, and many others of the first consequence and property. Mr. Hyndeman informed me this lodge was founded by a Mr. Griffith."

BATTLE OF COLOONY.- The arms of Limerick. A gate, with two castles; and behind, a turret with flag flying; within wreaths of olive and palm. Marked, CORPORATION AND CITIZENS OF LIMERICK. Reverse.- A Royal crown, within olive wreaths, TO THE HEROES OF COLOONY 5^TH SEP^R 1798 ; and, in small letters, BRUSH.

Size, 1·6. Struck in silver, to commemorate the engagement of a detachment of Limerick Militia corps of yeomanry and four curricle guns, under Colonel Vereker, against General Humbert, commanding the invading French troops and Irish insurgents. The detachment under Colonel Vereker's command did not exceed 300 ; though obliged to retire, they saved Sligo, and thus defeated Humbert's attack.

DUBLIN SOCIETY.- Seated and plumed figure of Minerva, with copia and shield, on which is represented a harp, surrounded by the motto, NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS, in very large letters. Reverse blank for engraving.

An oval medal, struck in silver, with loop for suspension. Size, 1·7 by 1·5. The example I have is dated 1793 ; and, from the similarity of the lettering used in the motto with Brush's other medals, I would ascribe it to the same workman who made them - possibly some die-sinker or button-maker employed by Brush, as a matter of trade - for it is not probable that a "jeweller and Madeira wine merchant" either fabricated dies or had a press for striking medals. I have a record of this medal being given also in 1795 to William Robertson, kindly communicated to me by the Secretary to the Royal Historical and Archæological Association, J. G. Robertson, Esq., of Kilkenny.

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JOHN JONES.

JOHN JONES.- This medallist would deserve slight notice except for his continuing to strike medals from Mossop's designs and dies after the death of that great artist. He is reported to have come from Liverpool, and commenced his career by pulling the rope for Mossop's Coining press. He died about 1880. At one period of his life he went to America and made some money. Strange stories are told of the mode in which he dissipated his earnings.

QUEEN VICTORIA.- Head, to left, with coronet; marked, in small letters on the neck, JONES. F.

An unfinished die, copied from the head on army medals, and purchased with other dies by Mr. Woodhouse. I have a lead proof. Size, 1·6.

O'CONNELL.- Head and bust, to right, D O'CONNELL ESQ^R M P THE UNDAUNTED ASSERTOR OF IRELANDS RIGHTS; below the bust, in small letters, JONES. Reverse.- Figure of Hibernia, seated, with spear and cap of Liberty. EMANCIPATION OBTAINED APRIL 13. 1829. In exergue, JONES F.

The portrait is copied from Mossop's medal of O'Connell, of reduced size. The reverse is an unblushing appropriation of Mossop's reverse for the Centenary of the House of Hanover, with the addition of a spear and cap of Liberty, and a risen sun substituted for that rising above the ocean. I have a bronze medal and white metal proof. Size, 2·0.

O'CONNELL (No. 2).- Head and bust, as last. Reverse.- O'CONNELL. - RUTHVEN - & - REPEAL - OF THE - LEGISLATIVE - UNION, within wreaths of shamrocks.

Size, 2·0. I have examples in bronze and white metal.

O'CONNELL (No. 3).- Obverse as last. Reverse.- An urn, with flames at top; and at the sides weeping willows, rising from a pedestal; inscribed, D O'CONNELL - BORN AUG 6^TH 1775 - DIED MAY 15 1847 ; and in exergue, JONES - DUBLIN.

Size, 2·0. In white metal, which I have.

ORANGE MEDAL.- William the Third, on horse. A repetition of Mossop's medal, with JONES. F in exergue. Reverse.- Royal arms, with lion and unicorn ; KING AND CONSTITUTION, at upper part of medal. Lower portion blank. Also struck from a Mossop die.

Size, 1·7. Bronze.

ORANGE MEDAL (No. 2).- William, on horseback. THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY. In exergue, JONES . F. Reverse.- Royal arms, KING AND CONSTITUTION ; and below, JONES F.

Size, 1·4. This I have, struck in bronze and white metal. The obverse is Mossop's die. The reverse, one of his dies re-hubbed with trifling variations.

ORANGE MEDAL (No. 3).- In centre, a bust of William, in armour, to left. Two rows of inscriptions ; outside, PROTESTANT CONFEDERATION - NON NOS SED GRATIA DEI; within,

     1360      1535        1688    1801
   WICKLIFF, REFORMATION, WILLIAM, UNION

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beneath the head, in minute letters, JONES F. Reverse.- An open Bible, with rays, HOLY BIBLE 4 OCT 1535. 1 PE. CH 2. VS 17, within a triangle; ORDER, LOVE, TRUTH, at the sides ; around all, a garter; and above a Royal crown.

Size, 2·0. In white metal, of which I have an impression; and in bronze, in the Royal Irish Academy.

IRISH CONSTABULARY MEDAL.- Harp, with Imperial crown; underneath are wreaths of oak and shamrock ; REWARD OF MERIT. IRISH CONSTABULARY. Reverse.- Blank, with wreaths of olive and shamrock.

Size, 1·5. Presented in silver to officers and men, who distinguished themselves during the Fenian disturbances in 1868, by the Lord Lieutenant. I have a white metaL proof.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- A harp, crowned; and underneath, in small letters, INSTITUTED 1841. Reverse.- Blank, with wreaths of palm, olive, and oak underneath, JONES.

Size, 1·5. The impression in my cabinet is in white metal. It was issued in silver.

NORTH-EAST SOCIETY OF IRELAND.- Cattle, With view of distant hills in exergue, ESTABLISHED | 1826. Reverse.- A blank centre, with corn wreaths, and above, ADJUDGED TO. JONES, in small letters, inscribed on both sides.

Size, 2·0. I have fine bronze proofs. Dean Dawson designates this as his "premium medal." If really his own handiwork, it is well finished and deserving of the dean's praise, being in taste and execution a very beautiful performance.

FARMING SOCIETY.- Is inscribed beneath wreaths of corn, with blank centre for inscription. Reverse, also blank, with a plough at upper part, and, in small letters, JONES F.

Size, 1·6. Struck in silver. That which I have is engraved "Tipperary Union, 1856."

TEMPERANCE MEDAL.- Shield with lamb and I H S above, a cross, with rays. Supporters, a man and woman with banners, inscribed, SOBRIETY - DOMESTIC COMFORT. The man being crowned by a flying angel, underneath are two seated children, with shamrock, rose, and thistle. Inscription IN HOC SIGNO VINCES In exergue, in small letters, JONES. Reverse.- A cross inscribed with the temperance vow, and FOUNDED 10^TH APRIL, 1838. Around are the words THE TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY OF IRELAND THE VERY REV^D T MATHEW PRESIDENT.

Size 1·7 Struck in silver. Engraved around the edge of this medal is, PRESENTED TO DAVID M HENNESSY BY THE VERY REV^D THEOBALD MATHEW OCT^R 1841. Imitating the regal example of giving a medal to persons who sought relief from "king's evil," Father Mathew, too, liberally decorated those he wished to rescue from a far worse affliction ; his liberality entailed disastrous results, leading to such difficulties as shortened the life of this most estimable man. I have a manuscript volume, compiled from original letters and documents by his private secretary of all the proceedings of the temperance movement under Father

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Mathew. Jones struck other temperance medals, with slight differences in the inscriptions.

TEMPERANCE MEDAL.- Similar to last, but both figures are being crowned by angels; and in exergue, JONES DUBLIN.

Size, 1·3. I have a silver impression.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- I have a bronze medal, with Mossop's inscription of Barrett and Bernes' school; and on the reverse are olive wreaths, with blank centre ; marked, in small letters, JONES.

Size, 1·6. Struck in bronze. it was probably struck as a showpiece or pattern by Jones.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- A copy of Mossop's seated Minerva, with MERIT HAS ITS REWARD; in exergue, JONES. Reverse.- Wreaths, same as last-described medal.

Size, 1·6. I have a bronze impression.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- A group of globe, lyre, books, &c. ; marked in exergue, JONES. Reverse.- Blank centre, with wreaths as last.

Size, 1·7. The impression I have is a bronze proof.

SCHOOL MEDAL.- Smaller size, similar to last ; also a bronze proof impression. Size, 1·5.

The design on obverse of these medals I would attribute to Mossop, junior.

IRISH MISSIONARY | SCHOOL | BALLINASLOE | MATT 9. 27. 28. Inscribed within olive wreaths.

This die was purchased by Mr. Woodhouse with the residue of Mr. Jones's stock, containing a large number of the Mossop dies. I do not know the history of this medal, of which I have only a lead impression. It has every appearance of being executed by one of the Mossops. Size, 1·6.

ACADEMIC INSTITUTE.- REV JA^S RICE, PRINCIPAL, inscribed around centre, which bears the words, FOR DISTINGUISHED ANSWERING IN --- AT EXAMINATION HELD ---. Reverse.- Mossop's die for the Feinaglian Institution, with his name removed from the pillar, and JONES substituted.

Size, 1·7. I have a white metal proof.

GEORGE MILLS.

An English artist, born 1793. He received three gold medals from the Society of Arts, and was an exhibitor at the Royal Academy from 1816 to 1823. He executed several of Mudie's series of national medals; also patterns for coins, and died at Birmingham, 28th January, 1824. There is one Irish medal which he fabricated, and the reverse for B. Wyon's medal of George IV.'s visit to Ireland.

LISMORE SCHOOL.- A view of the castle and woods at Lismore rising above the river, with distant bridge, &c. In the exergue, in minute

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letters, MILLS. F. Reverse.- Inscribed, ALUMNO | SCHOLÆ LISMORIENSIS | OB LITERAS | FELICITER EXCULTAS | GULIELMUS DUX DEVONIÆ | D.D. Around this is a plain ring, and outside, in upper part, SUNT HIC ETIAM SUA PRÆMIA LAUDI.

Size, 2·25. I have an electrotype of this medal, copied from one struck in copper. A specimen was sold, April, 1878, with the duplicate medals of the Bank of England.

THE WYONS.

This distinguished family of die-sinkers have contributed some valuable dies to the series of Irish medals, a record of which is indispensable in describing the history of these productions.

THOMAS WYON, junior, was born in 1792, at Birmingham, his family being of German descent. He was educated in London and apprenticed to his father, who was engraver of his Majesty's seals; and, under the training of Mr. N. Marchand, he acquired a correct taste for the antique. He obtained the medals of the Royal Academy, and premiums from the Society of Arts, for whom he engraved the head of Isis, which was utilised for their prize medal. At the early age of 16 years he made his first medallic die, for a medal given to Lieutenant Pearson, R. N., for saving life, presented by a society of ladies. In 1811 he was appointed probationary engraver, and in 1815, chief engraver to the Mint. He died September 22, 1817, aged 25 years. A memoir and list of his principal works is contained in the Gentleman's Magazine for February, 1818, and another account published in Mr Sainthill's Olla-podrida.

CORK BRUNSWICK CENTENARY MEDAL.- A finely-modelled head of George III. to right, laureated; THE ILLUT^S HOUSE OF BRUNSWICK ASC^D THE THRONE OF G^T BRITAIN AUG^T 1^T 1714 ; and underneath the neck of bust, in minute letters, T WYON JUN. S. Reverse Inscribed THE | CENTENARY | OF THE ACC^N OF THE | HOUSE OF BRUNSWICK | TO THE THRONE OF | GREAT BRITAIN | WAS CELEBRATED IN THE | CITY OF CORK | ON THE 1^T 2^D & 3^D OF AUG^T 1814 | IN THE 54^H Y^R OF THE REIGN | OF KING GEORGE THE 3^D | S^R DAVID PERRIER | MAYOR. The entire surrounded by a broad wreath of shamrocks.

Size, 2·0. Struck in bronze. Mr. Sainthill gives the following account of this medal :- "The Corporation of Cork having determined to celebrate the anniversary of the Centenary of the Accession of the House of Brunswick to the Throne by three days' public rejoicing, I suggested to Sir D. Perrier to have a medal struck to record the event and to wear on the occasion. Sir David immediately acceded to the plan, and authorized me to invite Mr. Wyon to engrave one with his Majesty's bust from Marchand's" (see Mr. Sainthill's Olla-podrida, vol. I., p.29, where there is an engraving of the obverse of the medal). I have all impression with the blue ribbon and rosette used when worn, still remaining attached.

BENJAMIN WYON, born in London, in 1802 ; a younger brother of Thomas Wyon, under whom he studied. He succeeded his father as engraver of the Royal seals, and engraved the Great Seal of William

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the Fourth, the Crimean medal, and several other important works. He died November, 1858.

VISIT OF GEORGE THE FOURTH TO IRELAND.- Head of George IV. to left; in minute letters on the neck, P WYON. Inscription, GEORGIUS IIII D G BRITANNIARUM REX F D. Reverse.- George is represented landing in full court dress, with cocked hat in hand, greeted by a female with harp and wolf-dog; behind her are some distant buildings to represent Dublin; and the boat from which the king steps bears a Royal standard. In the exergue, IN COMMEMORATION OF HIS MAJESTYS | MOST GRACIOUS VISIT TO IRELAND | 1821 | W HAMY DIREX. This medal is marked, MILLS F, at side.

Size, 2·1. This medal was got up by the firm of Hamy and Mann, silversmiths in Dublin. Wyon's work - the head of George IV. - is well designed and executed. The reverse of the medal was made by George Mills, who executed many celebrated medals, such as those of Sir John Moore, Watt, Chantry, &c. The reverse, like all Mills' work, is well done, but the design was probably the idea of some amateur; at all events, the fat and smiling Adonis, in full court dress, who pays his addresses to the young and rather demonstrative lady, is vulgar and quite unworthy of commemorating a Royal visit.

I have a bronze impression, the edge of which is inscribed, IRISH COPPER FROM THE MINES IN THE COUNTY OF WICKLOW, in small letters; and also a white metal one without this inscription.

WICKLOW AGRICULTURAL MEDAL.- Thus inscribed in exergue. A sheep on a grassy hill, with, in front, a plough; WYON, in small letters, to left Reverse.- Blank centre, with olive wreaths.

Size, 1·7. There is a bronze proof in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy, and also another copy of the medal without the name of Wyon.

LEONARD CHARLES WYON, born in 1826 ; he studied his art under the tuition of his father, William Wyon, R.A., whom he succeeded as modeller and engraver to the Mint in 1851. He has executed most of the military and naval medals struck since his appointment, and also several series of colonial and foreign coinages.

RICHARD SAINTHILL, OF TOPSHAM, DEVONSHIRE, NUMISMATIST, BORN JAN. 28, 1787. Thus inscribed around a portrait of Mr. Sainthill; beneath the neck is the date 1835, and, in minute letters, L C WYON FT. Reverse.- Three emblematic figures; Numismata, typified by a female, standing, who draws back a curtain and reveals an aged man, the emblem of time past, seated on a treasure box, marked with inscribed square and Greek letters; in front, a young female, emblematic of present time, joins hands with the central figure. In exergue, NUMISMATA, and in small letters, L C W. Inscription, HERALDING THE PRESENT. RESTORING THE PAST.

Size, 2·4. This is an extremely beautiful example of what a good medal should be. The figures, which are in low relief, are engraved in superior style, and the portrait of Mr. Sainthill leaves nothing to be desired. I owe my impression to the kindness of Alderman Day, of Cork, who obtained it from Mr. Sainthill's relatives. It was struck for private distribution by the well known author of Olla-podrida, a learned numismatist and genealogist. The impression is a bronze proof.

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REV^D. THEOBALD MATHEW.- A bust of Father Mathew to the shoulders, draped. Reverse.- A kneeling crowd, which is blessed by him. Inscription, HE REASONED ON TEMPERANCE.

Size, 2·4. Struck in bronze, and probably in silver. I have no impression of this medal. My description is therefore less full than I could wish. The bust was modelled from life, by L. C. Wyon, when in Cork, in 1846. See Sainthill's Olla-podrida, vol. II., p. 405.

JOSEPH SHEPHERD WYON, son of Benjamin Wyon, born 1836. His first important medal was a likeness of James Watt, and subsequently he engraved the great Seal of England for Queen Victoria, and that of Canada. He succeeded his father as chief engraver to the Mint in 1858, and died August, 1873.

A. B. WYON, also a son of Benjamin Wyon.

TRINITY COLLEGE GREEK MEDAL, BERKELEY PRIZE.- The arms of Trinity College on a shield. Above a portcullis. and at the sides Tudor roses; all on a diapered ground, semée, with shamrocks. Inscription, TRIN : COL : DUBLIN ^* VOS EXEMPLARIA GRAECA ^*. Reverse.- A horse (Pegasus ?) in full flight - AIEN API_TEYEIN. In exergue, G ^* B | 1752. in minute letters to right, J S & A B WYON. S C.

Size, 1·5. Issued struck in gold as the "Berkeley Prize." I have a white metal proof. This medal was made about 1867. It is reported that when it reached Ireland the Greek P was found represented by a Roman R, which had to be altered before issuing the medal.

The above medal was struck to replace worn-out dies of BISHOP BERKELEY'S GREEK PREMIUM, founded in A. D. 1734. It represents a galloping horse, and has for motto, AIEN API_TEYEIN. Reverse.- A laurel wreath, and the words, VOS - EXEMPLA - RIA - GRAECA.

Described and figured in the British Museum Catalogue. It is a rare medal. In the year 1751 Dr. Berkeley ordered his initials, G. B., to be placed under the horse; and the name of the medallist was also added, KIRK FEC^T. Next year he gave the dies to Trinity College with £120 to strike two gold medals annually. These were given to Middle Bachelors, attending the Greek Lectures of the Regius Professor of Divinity, until 1856. Since this time they are awarded, by examination, open to all candidates.

STEEVEN'S HOSPITAL MEDAL.- JAMES WILLIAM CUSACK BORN 1788 DIED 1861. Bust to right, in high relief, and, in minute letters underneath, J S WYON S C. Reverse.- A view of the front of the hospital, inscribed above, D^R STEEVENS HOSPITAL DUBLIN. In the exergue are two shields with armorials, and the letters CUSACK - PRIZE - FOUNDED 1861. Underneath the building, to right, in small lettering, J S WYON S C. Size, 3·l. I possess a bronze proof impression.

This is an excellent likeness of Dr. Cusack, in whose School of Medicine, in Park-street, I studied my medical and surgical work, and had the privilege of commencing life as his colleague in teaching and lecturing my former fellow-students. His connexion with the school at that time was confined to delivering a course on practical operative surgery, and I still remember his addresses, distinguished as they were by sound information, conveyed in a manner that rendered his slightest words of invaluable worth.

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AWARDED BY THE BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION, IRELAND.- In centre a shield with harp and Imperial crown above it, surrounded by trefoil arches, the lower ones bearing shamrocks, and, in minute letters, J S & A B . WYON ; outside are ornaments and shamrocks. Reverse.- A very wide border of olive leaves and shamrocks, enclosing a space the size of a shilling for inscription; at the lower part the names of the artists in minute letters.

Size, 2·2. Struck in silver, weighing upwards of two ounces.

GALLE.

This distinguished French medallist must be mentioned in connexion with his medal of Henry Grattan.

HENRY GRATTAN.- Bust, draped to right, inscribed with the name, marked in small letters, GALLE, F. Reverse.- IN MEMORY | OF | THE SHORT PERIOD | OF | IRELAND'S INDEPENDENCE ; and then follow two lines, I SAT AT ITS CRADLE | I FOLLOWED ITS HEARSE | GRATTAN.

Size, 2·0. I have an impression in bronze.

Dr. H. H. Madden, in his sale Catalogue, 1860, states that sixty medals only were struck before the die broke; but in Moore's Diary we read "October, 1821 - Went to Mossop, the medallist, who did the fine head of Grattan, from which Denon is having a model taken for me (Memoirs, vol. III., p. 285). And, again:-

"Paris, May, 1822 - Denon told me that the medal of Grattan was nearly finished. By-the-bye, when Lord Holland was in Paris, I mentioned the plan I had for ten persons subscribing five pounds each to have a medal inscribed," &c. (Memoirs, vol. III., p. 352). In the diary, under September 23, 1822, mention is made of a visit to Denon's, to pay the medallist one thousand francs, the price agreed for the medal; but the medallist insisted on fifty louis, and was paid that sum, in English money about £50. Finally, in the Diary, 28th October, 1822, Moore mentions having gone to the Mint, received his fifty medals, and having the "die broken" ! (Memoirs, vol. III., p. 12.)

It is difficult to refrain from stigmatizing these extracts in the terms they deserve; from beginning to end they exhibit Moore's conceited ignorance and blundering stupidity. He deliberately visits an Irish artist, fully the equal of Galle, appropriates one of his beautiful creations - the head of Henry Grattan - and carries it off to have a replica executed in France, of somewhat larger size, and pays a French artist for aiding him in this act of plunder, whilst an Irish genius who made the work was starving for want of proper recognition. I have both medals before me, and that of Galle is simply a replica of Mossop's original handiwork.

BORREL.

DANIEL O'CONNELL.- Portrait to left. In small letters, under neck, the artist's name. Reverse.- IL NE DOlT | PLUS ETRE FAIT | DE DISTINCTION | ENTRE LE PEUPLE | D'ANGLETERRE | ET CELUI | D'IRLANDE | O'CONNELL.

Size, 1. Struck in a pale golden bronze. I have an impression. The portrait is well engraven, but not a likeness of O'Connell. It is one of the few medals, referring to Irishmen, struck in France.

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THE MEDALLISTS OF IRELAND AND THEIR WORK.

By WILLIAM FRAZER, F.R.C.S.I., M.R.I.A., Hon. F.S.A. (Scot.), Fellow.

Member of Council, Royal Irish Academy, &c.

Part 5.
ISAAC PARKES

THE late Dean Dawson, in his Paper on "The Medals and Medallists connected with Ireland," which appeared in the "Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy," on March 16th, 1836, mentions Mr. Parkes in the following words: — "The last with whom I am acquainted is Isaac Parkes, a native of Birmingham, who came to this country in 1807, and served his apprenticeship to his brother, an eminent button manufacturer in this city. We are justified in considering Parkes as our own ; for here he served his time, here he received instructions in modelling from Sherwin, the pupil of Smyth, whose chisellings and figures adorn so many of our public buildings, and here whatever proficiency he has attained to in the art has been elicited and nourished. If diligent attention to business, access to a well-chosen collection of models, and a considerable share of ingenuity and taste can secure public patronage, Parkes well deserves it ; and his large medallion of the late Duke of York is an evidence of his boldness and power in the art of die-sinking ; for amongst all those of the middle ages I have scarcely seen one that exceeds it in relief, and it has this superiority over them that whilst they are invariably cast, this is raised out of the solid metal by the pressure of the screw."

I can add nothing to this brief memoir. The praise bestowed on the Duke of York's medal is well deserved. In relief and general effect it forms an admirable piece of work. Some others of Isaac Parkes's medals also demand special commendation, such as those representing the Duke of Wellington and Benjamin Lee Guinness, LL.D. I had the pleasure of knowing Mr. Parkes after his retirement from active life, and received from him several proof impressions of his medals ; for others I am indebted to the kindness of his son, who has found branches of trade more remunerative and capable of far wider extension than the prosecution of medallic art. In the year 1865 Mr. Parkes completed the Guinness Medal and that for the Dublin International Exhibition, which I believe were his latest works of importance. He was buried in Mount Jerome Cemetery, Dublin, December 3rd, 1870, his age being stated as 78 years.

THE HOUSE OF HANOVER. — The busts of George I., II., and III. superposed, in armour to left : inscribed, SECULO FESTAS REFERENTA LUCES ;

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underneath, I. PARKES. F. Reverse. — GEORGE I | ASCENDED THE THRONE 1 AUG 1714 | CROWNED 20 OCT 1714 | DIED AT OSNABURG 11 JUNE 1727 | BURIED IN HANOVER.
GEORGE II | BORN 10 NOV 1683 | ASCENDED THE THRONE 11 JUNE 1727 | CROWNED 11 OCT 1727 | DIED AT KENSINGTON 25 OCT 1760 | BURIED AT WESTMINSTER.
GEORGE III | BORN 24 MAY OLD STYLE 1738 | ASCENDED THE THRONE 25 OCT 1760 | CROWNED 25 SEP 1761 | DIED AT WINDSOR 29 JAN 1820 | BURIED AT WINDSOR 16 FEB 1820 |
In bronze, British Museum. I have an electrotype copy. Size, 2·2. This medal was made in 1814 to commemorate the Centenary of the House of Hanover on the Throne of England, and the additional portion of inscription about the death of George III. added in 1820.

THE HOUSE OF HANOVER. — Obverse as above. Reverse. — A warrior in Roman armour to right, holding a trident, and having his hand on the head of a semi-couching lion ; in front Peace, with olive branch in left hand held above her head, and in right hand an inverted torch consuming flags and armour ; her right foot resting on a sword and quiver of arrows ; behind is an inverted copia, pouring out flowers at the feet of the lion. In the distance is the sea, and at right side is a ship, above all a cloud. Inscription, NOVA SPES IMPERII. In the exergue, UBIQUE PAX. MDCCCXV and I.P.S. This medal is rare ; Dr. Joly had one, copper gilt. Size, 2·2.

DUKE OF WELLINGTON. — Head to left ; ARTHURUS DUX DE WELLINGTON in large letters, and I PARKES F on neck. Reverse. — Hibernia seated, with helmet ; holding a copia containing fruits. Shield with harp at side, resting on cannon. Her right hand is extended towards an altar inscribed with battles, VIMIERA. TALAVERA. BUSACO. CIU-RODRIGO. BADAJOS. SALAMANCA. VITTORIA. TOULOUSE. Above the altar is a ducal crown, surrounded by diverging rays. Inscription, EUROPÆ LIBERATOR BRIT. PRÆSIDIUM HIB. DECUS. Under altar to left, in small letters, I. PARKES F. In exergue AD 1814 & PACATO VICTORIIS TEREARUM ORBI.
My cabinet contains a fine lead proof, given me by Mr. Parkes, and also a bronze impression. The head is in good relief, and both it and the reverse well executed. Size, 2·2.

ART DUX DE WELLINGTON. — A copper cliché, silvered ; of the same head as last medal, but inscribed with smaller lettering.

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND. — Bust to left in high relief, with wreaths of laurel on head. Inscription, GEORGIUS IIII. D : G : BRITANNIARUM REX. F : D : and in smaller letters below neck I. PARKES F. Reverse. — Hibernia is represented as a female leaning on a harp, with right hand extended to welcome an approaching ship ; part of which is seen with

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sails set, and portion of a flag visible, bearing the Irish harp. Behind Hibernia is a round tower and trees seen in the distance ; and at her feet some scattered detached shamrock leaves. Inscription, CEAD MILE FAILTE, In exergue, MDCCCXXI and I PARKES F.
There is an impression in copper gilt in the cabinet of the Royal Irish Academy. I have a white metal proof obtained from Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·8.

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND (No. 2). — A similar medal, but in exergue, inscribed, LANDED AT THE ROYAL | HARBOUR OF HOWTH | AUGUST 12 | MDCCCXXI. I possess a white metal proof. Size, 1·8.

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND (No. 3). — Laureated head in low relief, closely copied from the head on Pistrucci's half-crown, GEORGIUS IIII. D : G : BRITANNIARUM REX. F.D. Underneath the head, in small letters, I.P. Reverse. — An imperial crown ; its arches covered with shamrocks. Inscription above, cead mile failte, and IN IRELAND. Underneath the crown, LANDED AT THE ROYAL | HARBOUR OF HOWTH AUG^T 12^th | 1821.
The obverse of this medal is a striking reproduction of the Pistrucci current coin. I have a fine white metal proof impression. Size, 1·3.

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND (No. 4). — Laurelled bust to left in low relief, GEORGIUS IV BRITANNIARUM REX. F.D. Reverse. — A harp ; above it a small crown, and in small letters ERIN GO BRAGH. On each side of harp wreaths of shamrocks. Inscription, HIS MAJESTY VISITS IRELAND, and in small letters AUGUST 1821. I have a fine white metal proof. Size, 1·1.
The head is copied evidently from Pistrucci's shilling of 1821.

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND (No. 5). — Laurelled bust to left ; very similar to last, in low relief, with same inscription. Reverse. — A small harp above shamrock wreaths, underneath ERIN GO BRAGH | AUGUST 1821 | and on upper part, VISIT TO IRELAND. In brass. Size, 1·

GEORGE IV.'S VISIT TO IRELAND (No. 6). — Laureated head resembling last. Inscription, GEORGE IV KING OF GREAT BRITAIN. Reverse. — Harp and crown, with wreaths of shamrock, rose, and thistle : IRELAND EXULTS IN THE PRESENCE OF HER KING. Struck in copper. Size, 1·0. These medals have no artist's name, and may possibly have been made in England.

GEORGE IV. ; INSTALLATION OF KNIGHTS OF ST. PATRICK. — Laurelled head in very high relief, surrounded by Collar of Order of Knights of St. Patrick, and pendant harp and crown, GEORGIUS IIII. D : G : BRITANNIARUM REX F.D. Reverse. — View of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, also in high relief, with flag flying from tower. Underneath, in small letters, I. PARKES. F. In exergue, ROYAL INSTALLATION | AT S^T PATRICK^S DUBLIN | AUGUST XXVIII | MDCCCXXI |
There are specimens in bronze and white metal in my cabinet. Size, 1·8.

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From the unusual high relief of both sides, this medal must have been difficult to strike with success.
The Order of St. Patrick dates from 17th March, 1783, when Earl Temple, afterwards Marquis of Buckingham, was Lord Lieutenant. As Grand Master he presided at the first installation. The next installation was in 1800, during the viceroyalty of Marquis Cornwallis. The third under the Duke of Richmond in 1809. The fourth in 1819, when Earl Talbot was viceroy ; but the principal one was held in 1821, when George IV. officiated as Sovereign of the Order, and the Knights of St. Patrick in full costume, walked from the Castle to the Cathedral. The last great Installation was that of the Prince of Wales in 1868. Since the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland the connexion of this Order with St. Patrick's Cathedral has ceased, its chapter being transferred to the Castle of Dublin.

DUKE OF YORK. — Bust to left; inscribed, FREDERICK DUKE OF YORK, and in small letters under neck, PARKES F. Around on a raised, granulated border, KING AND CONSTITUTION | NO SURRENDER. Reverse. — Equestrian statue of William III. ; on the pedestal, 1690 ; and inscribed on a raised border, THE GLORIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY | WILLIAMITE CLUB. | In small letters, near pedestal, PARKES.
Of the medal I have an impression in silver. Size, 1·6. It refers to one of the Associations formed to oppose the Emancipation Bill.

DUKE OF YORK, YORK CLUB. — Bust larger than on last described medal ; to left ; inscribed, FREDERICK DUKE OF YORK ; on neck, in small letters, PARKES F. Reverse. — On a narrow garter is, THE PROTESTANT ASCENDANCY IN CHURCH AND STATE. In centre, "I have | been brought up | from my early years | in these principles ; and | from the time when I began | to reason for myself, I have | entertained them from | conviction ; and in every | situation in which I may be | placed, I will Maintain them, | SO HELP ME GOD! | VIDE SPEECH IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS | AP^L 25 · 1825 = YORK CLUB. | DUBLIN 1824. |"
I have a wax model of the bust prepared by the artist for these medals. A silver impression of the last-described medal, with bar for suspension by ribbon, marked HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE. Also, an extra thick proof in bronze (a Piedfort), given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·5.

DUKE OF YORK ON HIS DEATH. — Bust, draped in robes in extra high relief ; three-quarter face to left — FREDERICK DUKE OF YORK AND ALBANY ; small letters on lower part of bust, I. PARKES F. Underneath inscribed : A PILLAR OF THE PROTESTANT FAITH. A BULWARK TO THE BRITISH ARMY | INTREPID, UNCOMPROMISING AND CONSISTENT. GRATITUDE HAS RAISED HIS | MONUMENT AND LOYALTY PENNED HIS EPITAPH. Reverse. — A tomb, with inscription — " THOSE (SEN)TIMENTS WERE NOT (EXPRE)SSED IN A POLITICAL SENSE AND FR(OM) PREJUDICE AND PARTY FEELING, BUT THEY WERE FIRMLY FIXED IN HIS

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MIND AND WERE THE RESULT OF DUE CONSIDERATION AND CONVICTION, AND PRODUCED BY AN EARNEST SOLICITUDE FOR THE CONFIRMED WELFARE OF HIS COUNTRY." On plinth of tomb, "OBIT JAN 5 MDCCCXXV." ; underneath, in small letters, I. PARKES. F. Above there is an Angel, represented with trumpet, flying towards the left, and bearing a large sroll with the words contained on the reverse of the York Club medal — "I HAVE BEEN BROUGHT UP," &c.
This was Mr. Parkes' greatest work as a medallist. Dean Dawson said : "His large medallion of the late Duke of York is an evidence of his boldness and power in the art of die-sinking, for amongst all those of the Middle Ages I have scarcely seen one that exceeds it in relief, and it has this superiority over them, that while they were invariably cast this was raised out of the solid metal by the power of the screw." With this opinion few will disagree. I have a fine bronze impression which I obtained from Mr. Parkes. Size, 3·0.

REGIMENTAL MEDAL 42nd HIGHLANDERS. — The device is in two portions ; above, St. Andrew standing between two thistles, and the words NEMO ME IM-PUNE LACESSIT ; below, a mountainous district, with Highland troops advancing, marked PYRENEES. Reverse. — A list of battles : CORUNNA | FUENTES D'ONOR | PYRENEES | NIVELLE NIVE | ORTHES | TOULOUSE | PENINSULA |. Olive sprays with label inscribed 42 | R. H. R^T |. Above is an angel flying to left with trumpet and wreath, in small letters PARKES F. behind the figure.
My impression is a "piedfort" in bronze. A proof given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·3. It was worn with a blue ribbon.

REGIMENTAL MEDAL SCOTCH BRIGADE, 94th FOOT. — An elephant, above which is a royal crown. Inscription, SCOTCH BRIGADE. Below, XCIV surrounded by two sprays of thistles, under which, in small letters, I.P.F. Reverse. — Olive wreath with crown above and list of battles at which the regiment was present from 1811 to 1814, beginning with FUENTES D'ONOR and ending with TOULOUSE 10 AP., 1814. I have a bronze proof. Size, 1·4. Worn with crimson ribbon having blue edges.

VISIT OF QUEEN VICTORIA AND PRINCE ALBERT TO IRELAND, 1849. — Busts of Queen and Prince Albert in oval medallets facing each other ; inscriptions, VICTORIA QUEEN OF GREAT BRITAIN, AND HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS PRINCE ALBERT. Above, an angel with expanded wings holding a scroll with CEAD MILE FAILTE, and below a Royal crown, Irish harp, and wolf-dog crouching ; in small letters to right PARKES F. Reverse. — Rose and thistle, from which rise thick wreaths of shamrocks, TO | COMMEMORATE | THE FIRST VISIT | OF HER | MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY | QUEEN VICTORIA AND HER | ROYAL CONSORT | PRINCE ALBERT | TO IRELAND | AVG^t. 1849. In small letters under the wreath, PARKES, DUBLIN. My impression is struck in hard, white metal. Size, 1·7. It is not a pleasing medal.

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SAME VISIT, 1849 (No. 2). — Obverse of last medal. Reverse. — A long trade inscription of Gardner & Co., Gold & Silversmiths, 110, Grafton-street, Dublin. Struck in white metal.

DANIEL O'CONNELL. — Bust to left draped in modern costume to waist. D O CONNELL & E S RUTHVEN ELECTED FOR THE CITY OF DUBLIN DEC^R 17^T 1832 inscribed on a raised border, and on arm of bust PARKES. Reverse. — An aged man seated, with spear, and harp at side instructing his sons, one of whom stands holding a shamrock, and the eldest kneels endeavouring to break a bundle of faggots. Behind is a Round Tower and some ruins on which is seated an owl. On the border, which is raised, BY UNION LEGISLATIVE INDEPENDENCE WILL BE OBTAINED. In exergue in small letters PARKES DUBLIN. The medal I have is in white metal. Size, 1·9. It affords a good likeness of O'Connell.

DANIEL O'CONNELL (No. 2). — Bust similar to last described medal with DANIEL O CONNELL ELECTED M.P. FOR THE COUNTY CLARE JULY 5" 1828, upon a raised border. Reverse. — Also similar to last, but with the words EMANCIPATION MUST BE OBTAINED. There is an impression of this medal in bronze in Royal Irish Academy. Size, 1·9.

DANIEL O'CONNELL (No. 3). — Bust representing O'Connell to left his shoulder caped with loose toga. D. O CONNELL ESQ. M.P. On arm in small letters | PARKES F. Reverse. — Wreaths of oak and shamrocks, across which is a ribbon having REPEAL OF THE LEGISLATIVE UNION in small letters. Inscription, IRELAND EXPECTS EVERY MAN TO DO HIS DUTY. In centre of wreaths, HEREDITARY | BONDSMEN | KNOW YE NOT | WHO WOULD BE FREE | THEMSELVES MUST | STRIKE THE BLOW. My medal is in white metal. Size, 1·7. The likeness of O'Connell is not equal to that represented in the previous medals.

DANIEL O'CONNELL, HIS DEATH. — Bust in modern dress to left. Inscription, DANIEL O CONNELL ESQ. M.P., and THE FRIEND OF HIS COUNTRY, in smaller letters under bust. Reverse. — A female representing Erin kneeling at side of tomb, before her a harp. The tomb is inscribed D O'CONN(ELL) | BORN | 6 AUGUST 1775 | DIED | 15 MAY 1847 |. Above is a cross and shamrock wreaths twined on either side. In exergue CATHOLIC EMANCIPATION | REPEAL. In white metal. Size, 1·5. Although the artist's name is not placed on this medal I believe it was Parkes' workmanship.

THE ORDER OF LIBERATORS. — Hibernia erect, resting on a harp on right side ; at left she leans on a sword pointing to the ground ; behind is an Irish wolf-dog. Inscription, THE ORDER OF LIBERATORS. In exergue, in smaller letters, IRELAND AS SHE | OUGHT TO BE ; outside, a double wreath of shamrocks, and near the edge I PARKES. F. Reverse. — Within a wreath of shamrocks a cross rising from rocks, surrounded by diverging rays ; to right a pole with cap of liberty, and to left three hands clasped. Inscription, IN HOC SIGNO VINCES. In exergue, eire go brac. The medal I

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possess is a proof in bronze gilt. Size, 1·6. I have also a smaller medal (Size, 1·4) struck in lead, and it likewise occurs in bronze. The "Order of Liberators" was formed by O'Connell to protect the "Forty Shilling Freeholders." It consisted of three different grades ; two acts of real service entitling a member to the rank of "Knight Companion." Lord Cloncurry became Grand Master of the order, which appears to have been intended to counteract the spread of secret and illegal associations amongst the peasantry. It was dissolved in the year 1835. See Fitz-patrick's "Life of O'Connell."

SIR EDWARD STANLEY. — Bust in high relief to left, inscribed SIR EDWARD STANLEY M.R.D.S. ; On neck, in small letters, I PARKES F. Reverse. — Inscribed, CHAIRMAN | OF THE | COMMITTEE | OF | IRISH MANUFACTURE | FIRST AND ZEALOUS | PROMOTER | OF THE | EXHIBITIONS | ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY | 1^ST EXHIBITION 1833 | 1844. This medal is well executed ; the bust in high relief and the likeness remarkably good. It was struck by the Royal Dublin Society to commemorate Sir Edward Stanley's exertions in promoting the success of their exhibitions. I have a bronze proof impression. Size, 1·6. It is seldom met with. I believe there were few of these medals made from the dies.

BENJAMIN LEE GUINNESS, LL.D. — Bust in modern costume to left ; inscribed in old English letters, BENJAMIN LEE GUINNESS, LL.D. ; under the arm, in small letters, I PARKES F. Reverse. — The Cathedral of St Patrick, Dublin. Exergue, RESTORED AD 1865, and the Guinness arms and motto, SPES MEA IN DEO ; on the base line of Cathedral to right, in small letters, I PARKES. F. Both sides of this medal are cut in high relief, and the likeness of Mr. Guinness is considered good. It was struck to commemorate his munificent restoration of the Cathedral, which was completed July 24, 1865, in a manner deserving all commendation, as its original design was preserved within and without ; untampered with, and not, as it is termed, "grimthorped," by ignorant meddling. He died May 19, 1868, having been created a baronet the previous year. A monument, the work of J. A. Foley, R.A., was erected to him in the grounds of the Cathedral near its west porch, where he is represented in a sitting posture. It has the following inscription : —

SIR BENJAMIN LEE GUINNESS,
BARONET, LL.D.,
MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT FOR
THE CITY OF DUBLIN,
ERECTED BY HIS FELLOW COUNTRYMEN
IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE,
A.D. 1875.
ST. PATRICK'S CATHEDRAL
BY HIM RESTORED,
A.D. 1865.

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Two of his sons have since been elevated to the peerage ; they have continued to take similar interest in the preservation and prosperity of this venerable edifice, associated with so many incidents of historic importance in Irish history. I have a proof impression of this medal struck in white metal. Size, 2·0.

B. L. GUINNESS, LL.D. — I have the cliché of reverse of a medal representing a view of St. Patrick's Cathedral different from that last described, the tower being situated behind the nave and not at its extremity. In exergue, ERECTED A D 1190 | RESTORED 1865. The Guinness arms are also placed on a larger shield. I was informed the die broke when hardening or soon after. Size, as before.

REV. R. KENRICK, P.P. — Bust to left, in modern dress ; REV^D RICH^D KENRICK, P.P. Reverse. — Draped figure with cross at tomb, weeping. Inscription, BORN | 1780 | DIED 5^TH | SEP 1827 ; and around, THE RICH MANS GUIDE AND THE POOR MANS FRIEND. This medal is struck in bronze. Size, 1·0.

FRIENDLY BROTHERS' MEDAL. — This is a replica of the medal struck for the Society by Mossop. I have an impression in bronze. Size, 1·2.

OUZEL GALLEY SOCIETY. — An ancient galley with oars and mast, having a high poop, on which is a man seated in armour ; and to left, inscribed OUZEL GALLEY, and beneath STEADY. Reverse. — Justice looking forward, her right hand on the pommel of a sword, which rests its point on the ground, holding above her head a "steelyard" balance. Motto, CUIQUE SUUM, and in small letters to right PARKES.
About 1705 the case of a ship detained in the Port of Dublin excited much controversy, and was decided by arbitrators in such a satisfactory manner that it led to the formation of a permanent society composed of the most respectable merchants of the city to arbitrate in mercantile matters. The society consists of a captain, lieutenants, and crew. They also hold convivial meetings, and the costs decreed in arbitration are devoted to the benefit of decayed merchants. The Society meets in the Commercial Buildings, Dame-street, Dublin. I possess a proof impression in bronze given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·2.

OUZEL GALLEY SOCIETY (No. 2). — This medal has a three-masted ship sailing to left; inscription, OUZEL GALLEY ; and beneath, STEADY. Reverse. — Justice to right with long spear and holding a pair of scales pendant from the left hand ; her eyes are represented bound with a napkin. Motto, CUIQUE SUUM ; and at base, in small letters, I.P. The medal is struck in gold same size as last. It is well designed. I have a fine impression in my cabinet.

ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY. — Similar to Mossop's round medal, but Hibernia is seated on three books marked ROYAL | DUBLIN | SOCIETY, and on

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base-line to right, in small letters, I PARKES F. Reverse. — Blank for engraving. I have seen a bronze proof, and own a good silver impression. Size, 1·8. The silver medal I possess was given in 1846 at an exhibition of the Fine Arts as a premium for modelling busts.

ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY. PASS FOR EXHIBITION. — Hibernia seated to left with copia reversed, and shield with harp at her side, holding a spear and having her helmeted head turned to right. Motto, NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS. In exergue, in small letters, PARKES, DUBLIN. The reverse has ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY ADMIT ONE. Size, 1·4. I have examples struck in brass.

DUBLIN INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1865. — The obverse is inscribed in these words. Below is a representation of the Exhibition Palace with flags flying, extending across centre of field, the lower half of which is occupied by a bust of the Prince of Wales to left, in a small frame of scroll-work surrounded by wreaths of shamrock, rose, and thistle ; on the base-line of Exhibition building, in small letters, I PARKES — DUBLIN. Reverse. — DUBLIN EXHIBITION PALACE | & WINTER GARDEN. A View of the building seen from the grounds of the "Coburgh Gardens," in which it was erected, itself a portion of the old forest belonging to the Cathedral of St. Patrick's. The palace is represented with flags from its central transept and at each end of the main building. On base-line, to right, I PARKES F. In exergue, ALFRED C JONES ARCH^T | W H BEARDWOOD & SON | BUILDERS. This building, opened May 9th, 1865, by the Prince of Wales, and closed, after a successful season, on November 9th, 1865, was in great measure due to the liberality of Sir B. L. Guinness. It continued for some years in use as a Winter Garden, but the glass building was finally removed to Battersea Park, its more permanent erections being altered to form the present Royal University of Ireland. I have a good impression in white metal. Size, 2·0. The reverse side became broken shortly after it was finished, and Mr. Parkes engraved a new reverse for the following medal.

DUBLIN INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1865 (No. 2). — Obverse. — Same as last described. Reverse. — Resembling last medal, but different workmanship in palace and grounds. There are also no flags represented at the ends of the building. In exergue, no inscription except I PARKES in small letters to left. My impression is a white metal proof. Size, 2·0.

COLLEGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. — A medal, inscribed in three lines THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, surrounded by a double wreath of shamrocks, the field embossed. Reverse. — OMNIVM | REGINA ORATIO. I have a bronze proof. Size, 1·6. It bears no name of artist. I got it from Mr. Parkes. For notes on Historical Society see under "Medals of the Mossops," Part I.

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MOONEY & SONS, DUBLIN. — A view of the "Four Courts," inscribed, FOUNDATION LAID 1786 ; underneath, in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN. In exergue, OPENED 1796. Reverse. — THOS. MOONEY & SONS | IRONMONGERS | 40 & 41 PILL LANE | DUBLIN | RERE OF THE FOUR COURTS. This is a trade medal struck in white metal. Size, 1·4.

KING WILLIAM III. — After the statue in College-green, Dublin. William in Roman costume, on horse to left, with laurel crown. The pedestal surrounded by railings and inscribed, 1690. Motto — THE GLORIOUS MEMORY OF KING WILLIAM III. In exergue, in small letters, NO SURRENDER, and at the base of pedestal, "PARKES." Reverse. — Blank. Struck in bronze. Size, 1·7.

Do. (No. 2). — The same obverse. Reverse. — Engraved. "ON THE 7TH APRIL, 1836, THE STATUE OF KING WILLIAM III. IN COLLEGE-GREEN WAS BLOWN UP, &c. THIS MEDAL FORMED FROM PART OF THE FRAGMENTS TO COMMEMORATE ITS RESTORATION ON THE 1ST JULY, '36, BY THE CORPORATION OF DUBLIN." The statue, modelled by Van Nost, was erected in 1701. The damage it sustained when blown up was much less than is usually asserted. Struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

Do. (No. 3). — Obverse, King William in Roman costume, on horse to left, with baton in outstretched right hand. Pedestal marked 1690. Motto — THE GLORIOUS PIOUS & IMMORTAL MEMORY. In exergue, in small letters, I PARKES. Reverse. — Square support, with cushion, on which is a Royal Crown, sword, and sceptre, and closed Bible. Inscription, QUEEN AND CONSTITUTION. Size, 1·4. My impression is struck in white metal.

WILLIAMITE TEMPERANCE MEDAL. — Obverse from same die as last. Reverse. — Olive wreaths ; inscription inside, WATCH | AND BE SOBER | I THESS | 5 c 6 v, and outside in larger letters, A TEMPERANCE MAN BUT NO TEETOTALLER. Size, 1·4. I have a bronze proof.

MEDALLET OF WILLIAM III. — Bust to left in armour ; wreathed, THE GLORIOUS MEMORY ; 1690 under head, I. P. Reverse. — The Boyne Obelisk. In exergue, BOYNE. This little medallet, size 0·7, is struck in bronze.

FARMING SOCIETY MEDALS (FERMANAGH). — Inscribed, FERMANAGH FARMING SOCIETY, and below, wreaths of wheat ears and shamrocks, with engraved centre. Reverse. — Farm house and yard, with cow, pig, and sheep. At base, in small letters, I PARKES F. This medal I have in bronze. Size, 1·7. The inscription bears date 1842.

GOWRAN. — Inscribed GOWRAN FARMING SOCIETY; below are two wreaths of wheat ears and shamrocks ; centre blank for engraving. Reverse. — Abundance represented as a female seated with reversed urn, from which water flows, crowns a ploughman, behind whom is a plough, and to right are two horses. At base to right, in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN. A proof struck in bronze. Size, 1·7.

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IMOKILLY AND BARRYMORE. Inscribed, IMOKILLY & BARRYMORE FARMING SOCIETY ; the centre blank, surrounded by wreaths of shamrocks and heads of barley ; underneath, "PARKES." Reverse. — Farm, with cattle, cow, sheep, and pig. In small letters at base to left, I PARKES F. A bronze proof given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 2·0.

KELLS. — Inscription, KELLS UNION FARMING SOCIETY, with short wreaths of barley and shamrocks. Centre blank for engraving. Reverse. — Farmhouse, with trees ; in front a farmer, horse, and cattle ; at base I PARKES DUBLIN F, in small letters. A bronze proof also given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·9.

Do. (No. 2). — A smaller medal with similar obverse. On reverse, farmhouse to right, horse, cattle, and plough. At base, in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN F. This is also a proof in bronze. Size, 1·5.

MOATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. — Similar in size to last medal ; centre blank with wreaths, one of wheat and shamrocks, the other of barley also with shamrocks. Reverse. — Farmhouse, with cattle and plough, MOATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. In exergue, 1840, and in small letters I PARKES F. A bronze proof. Size, 1·5.

WICKLOW. — Inscribed WICKLOW FARMING SOCIETY underneath wreaths of wheat and barley with shamrocks, centre blank for inscription. Reverse. — Farm, with horse, and cattle in front, farm implements, plough, harrow, &c. ; above to right the sun shining ; at base in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN F. A bronze proof impression. Size, 2·0.

Do. (No. 2). — Smaller medal, similar obverse. Reverse. — Farm and farmyard, with horse, mare, and foal ; in small letters at base to left, I PARKES DUBLIN. In bronze, a proof impression. Size 1·7.

TUAM. — FARMING SOCIETY ; similar to last described medal. Struck in silver. Size, 1·7.

ENNISCORTHY. — ENNISCORTHY UNION AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, with blank centre and wreaths of wheat and shamrocks. Reverse. — Similar to larger Wicklow medal, but cattle differently arranged, and having no sun. At base to right, I PARKES DUBLIN. In bronze. Size, 2·0.

SCHOOL MEDAL. — Minerva helmeted, seated to left, leaning on a shield, with Irish harp, and holding wreaths in outstretched hand ; in front a bust, with painter's palette, brushes, globe, compass, &c. Inscribed above on a ribbon, HONOR VIRTUTIS PRÆMIUM, and at base, in small letters, to right, I PARKES F. Reverse. — Blank centre, with wreaths of olive. In bronze. Size, 1·7. A proof from Mr. Parkes. I believe this was intended as a premium medal for the Art School of the Royal Dublin Society, but as I have never seen an inscribed impression I cannot speak definitely.

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EVERTON SCHOOL MEDAL. — Pallas seated with shield to left; inscription, HOC JUVENEM EGREGIUM PRÆSTANTI MUNERE DONAT, and in small letters PARKES F. Reverse. - Ivy wreath, and inscription, ANNUA | PROBATIONE | PREMIUM | EVERTONIS. A bronze medal in cabinet of Royal Irish Academy. This school was in Carlow. I have a book plate belonging to it dated 1827.

EVERTON SCHOOL MEDAL (No. 2). — A similar medal, with the word EVERTONIS omitted and the ivy wreath composed of larger leaves. In copper, gilt.

SCHOOL MEDAL. — A copy, or struck from Mossop's die (with the name removed, except the letter P), of the Society for promoting "RELIGION & VIRTUE"; inscription, RIGHTIOUSNESS EXALTETH A NATION. Reverse. — Olive wreaths, and, in small letters. PARKES. In centre, REWARD OF MERIT. Struck in white metal. Size, 1·6. I have an impression.

TEMPERANCE SOCIETY MEDAL. — Inscribed ERIN MAVOURNEEN — ERIN GO BRAGH ; within is a broad wreath of shamrocks surrounding an Irish harp, above which are two clasped hands and scarf with motto, in small letters, LET BROTHERLY—LOVE CONTINUE. The reverse represents two scenes ; above, a woman going to a fountain for water, with man and child, cow, sheaf of corn, &c., over all a winged figure scattering fruits from a copia ; below, a hogshead marked WHISKEY, from which Death distributes drink to a woman ; on the ground are drunken and fighting men, a child crying, and in the distance a gallows on a hill, underneath in small letters, I PARKES impressed. A bronze proof. Size, 1·8.

IRISH TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE, 1840. — Inscribed outside wreaths of oak and shamrocks, and within, "I HAVE VOLUNTARILY PROMISED, IN THE PRESENCE OF THE REV. DR. SPRATT, TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL SPIRITUOUS LIQUORS AND INTOXICATING DRINKS, EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY, AND THEN BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE ALL THE CAUSES AND PRACTICES OF INTEMPERANCE. I ALSO PROMISE TO ATTEND MY RELIGIOUS DUTIES." Reverse. — A shepherd bearing a lamb on his shoulders, with sheep dog. Inscription, I HAVE FOUND MY SHEEP THAT WAS LOST, LUKE CHAP. 15 v 6. In exergue, I PARKES DUBLIN.
Rev. Dr. Spratt was Prior of the Calced Carmelites, and by his exertions the church in "Whitefriar-street was erected. It was built on the site of an ancient convent of the same Order founded in the thirteenth century. He was active in promoting the adoption of teetotal principles, especially in Dublin. A bronze proof medal. Size, 2·0.

TEMPERANCE MEDAL. — St. Patrick, with crozier and mitre, his hand raised in blessing, ST. PATRICK APOSTLE — OF IRELAND, and inside in smaller letters, WE ARE THE CHILDREN OF SAINTS TOB II. 18, to right underneath, I. P. F. Reverse. — St. Michael chaining Satan ; inscribed, ST. MICHAEL

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ARCHANGEL, and inside in smaller letters, AND THAT GREAT DRAGON - WAS CAST OUT. APOC XII 9, on base to right, I. P. F. I have a white metal proof given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·7.

METROPOLITAN TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. Thus inscribed, and THE REV^D A O'CONNELL PRESIDENT. In the centre a cross with temperance "PLEDGE, I DO HEREBY PLEDGE MYSELF TO ABSTAIN TOTALLY FROM EVERY SPECIES OF INTOXICATING DRINK UNLESS BY ADVICE OF PHYSICIAN OR WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE PRESIDENT, WHEN DEEMED MEDICINALLY NECESSARY, AND TO USE MY INFLUENCE TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE VICE OF DRUNKENNESS." Angles of cross rayed, and with inscription, FOUNDED 26 NOV 1839. Reverse. — St. Michael and Dragon similar to last, and without inscription. In exergue, WHO IS LIKE UNTO GOD, and at the sides of the die, PARKES DUB. Struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

SIMILAR MEDAL (No. 2). — With the outer line of inscription in smaller letters. Reverse. — St. Michael and Dragon, with a small rayed cross above in clouds ; motto, WHO IS LIKE UNTO GOD. In exergue, PARKES, in small lettering. Also struck in white metal. I have a proof impression. Size, 1·7.

DUBLIN, S^T JAMES S^T JOSEPH^S TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY REV^D P MOONEY PRESIDENT. In centre a cross with Temperance "PLEDGE : I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." Angles of cross rayed, with inscription, FOUNDED JUNE 7^TH 1840. Reverse. — Virgin kneeling, with rays round head, and stars, B. V. M., St. Joseph holding Christ as a child, and St. James with sword. In exergue, JESUS S^T JAMES & S^T JOSEPH. Inscription, IN HOC SIGNO VINCES, to right at base of figure, I PARKES F. A proof struck in white metal. Size, 2·0.

S^T NICHOLAS OF MYRA'S TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY THE REV^D M^W FLANAGAN P.P. PRESIDENT. — In centre a cross with "PLEDGE — I SOLEMNLY PROMISE TO ABSTAIN TOTALLY FROM EVERY KIND OF INTOXICATING LIQUORS, UNLESS USED MEDICINALLY ; AND TO EXERT ALL MY INFLUENCE TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE VICE OF DRUNKENNESS." Angles of cross rayed and inscribed, FOUNDED 9 FEB^Y 1840. Reverse. — Dead Christ and Virgin, in the distance a hill with three crosses, beneath, two kneeling angels and a row of lighted candles, &c., beneath, a sarcophagus. In exergue, in small letters, PARKES DUBLIN. A bronze proof given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 1·8.

Do. (No. 2). — Obverse same as last. Reverse. — An altar piece arranged similar to last described medal ; the Virgin and dead Christ being within a niche in the arched top, having two pillars on each side. Inscription, PAROCHIAL CHURCH OF S^T NICHOLAS OF MYRA. In exergue, in Small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN. A bronze proof. Size, 1·8. This Roman Catholic Church is in Francis-street, Dublin.

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S^T PAULS TEMPERANCE SOCIETY VERY REV^D D^R YORE PRESIDENT. Temperance pledge inscribed on cross as in other medals, and the upper rayed angles with the words, FOUNDED NOV^R 3 1839. Reverse. — A shield with lamb bearing a banner, under it I.H.S. Above the shield a rayed cross ; for supporters a man and woman, with flags inscribed, SOBRIETY — DOMESTIC COMFORT ; the figures have flying angels with wreaths overhead, and at their feet two seated children, shamrock, rose, and thistle wreaths. In exergue, in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN. Struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

BALDOYLE HOWTH AND KINSEALY TEE-TOTAL TEMPERANCE SOCIETY THE REV^D J. WHITE PRESIDENT. — Pledge inscribed on a cross — "I DO HEREBY PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, EXCEPT USED AS MEDICINE, AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AS LONG AS I WILL REMAIN A MEMBER OF SAID SOCIETY, AND THAT I WILL PREVENT AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, BOTH BY ADVICE AND EXAMPLE, DRUNKENNESS IN OTHERS." In the upper rayed angles of the cross, FOUNDED APRIL 1840, and below, two shamrocks. Reverse. — Similar to last described medal. Motto, "IN THIS SIGN THOU WILT CONQUER." I have this medal struck in white metal. Size, 1·8.

NATIONAL TOTAL ABSTINENCE ASSOCIATION A. D. 1838. Figure of St. Patrick mitred, with crozier, to right, pointing to a slab inscribed, "PLEDGE — I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, &c., EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY, AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." In exergue, the REV^D D^R DOYLE — PRESIDENT — P.P. S^T MICHANS. Reverse. — A shield with several emblems and figures, marked HEALTH — FREEDOM — PLENTY — WISDOM — INDUSTRY — COMMERCE. Above, a lamb with cross resting on book ; below this, on a ribbon, RELIGION. On the left of shield a man with banner, SOBRIETY, and at his side a boy. To right of shield a woman and girl. The banner inscribed DOMESTIC COMFORT. At upper part of medal a ribbon with PEACE ON EARTH — GOOD WILL TO MEN. In exergue, a draped ribbon, bearing, BE THOU FAITHFUL UNTO DEATH, trimmed with shamrocks, rose, and thistle. On base line, under shield, in small letters, I PARKES DUBLIN. Struck in bronze. Size 2·2. My specimen is a proof given me by Mr. Parkes.

NATIONAL TOTAL ABSTINENCE ASSOCIATION. — Hibernia represented as a female leaning on harp and holding a scroll inscribed, CHRISTIAN — CHARITY — UNITETH — ALL — PARTIES ; the ground sprinkled with shamrocks. In exergue, ESTABLISHED 1838, and in very small letters to right, "PARKES." Reverse. — Shamrock wreaths, springing from rose and thistles, enclosing "PLEDGE. — I VOLUNTARILY AGREE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, AND WILL NOT GIVE OR OFFER THEM TO OTHERS, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." Struck in bronze. Size, 1·8. A proof impression.

Do. (No 2). — A similar medal on obverse. The reverse has thick

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wreaths of oak leaves and shamrocks. The "Pledge" is inscribed in smaller letters and underneath two clasped hands ; beneath the wreath in very small letters, "PARKES." Size, 1·8. Struck in white metal.

TOTAL ABSTINENCE DECLARATION. — So inscribed, and also with the following: "WE DO VOLUNTARILY AGREE TO ABSTAIN, FROM ALL INTOXICATING LIQUORS, NEITHER TASTING THEM NOR OFFERING THEM TO OTHERS, EXCEPT MEDICINALLY OR IN RELIGIOUS ORDINANCES, AND TO DISCOURAGE THE CAUSES AND PRACTICES OF INTEMPERANCE." Underneath, two clasped hands and wreaths of roses and shamrocks to right, and thistles to left ; below this, in small letters, "PARKES." Reverse. — Similar to the large-sized National Total Abstinence Association ; having shield with emblems, &c. A proof impression struck in white metal. Size, 2·2.

Do. (No. 2). — A similar inscription and pledge. Reverse. — Shield with emblems; no inscriptions ; above, a lamb with cross resting on book, at sides a man and woman bearing banners marked, SOBRIETY — DOMESTIC COMFORT. Above is a ribbon, PEACE ON EARTH GOOD WILL TO MEN. In exergue, BE THOU FAITHFUL UNTO DEATH; on ribbon, draped upon base line below, shamrock, rose, and thistle ; and to right, in small letters, "PARKES." A proof impression struck in white metal. Size, 1·4.

S^T AUGUSTINE TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. VERY REV^D C STUART PRESIDENT. — Inscribed around a cross with crenated ends and rayed angles, on which is the "PLEDGE — I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, &c., EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY, AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DIS-COUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." Reverse. — St. Patrick, with crozier and mitre, in full robes ; above his extended right hand a blazing heart ; to his right a church, apparently intended for St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. To the left a hut with palm trees, and on the ground an open book. In exergue, a cross, and on base line in very small letters, I PARKES — DUBLIN. Inscribed on upper part of medal, FOUNDED THE 26^TH DECEMBER 1840. This is struck in bronze. A proof impression given me by Mr. Parkes. Size, 2·1.

S^T CATHERINE'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. — Inscribed around an open Bible, the lettering on which and the date are much defaced in my example. Reverse. — Two figures draped to middle ; in background trees and portion of a monument, with small urn ; underneath, a very small letters, I PARKES F. Motto, THE PRODIGAL SON, S^T LUKE XV — WAS LOST AND IS FOUND. Struck in white metal. Size, 1·8. St. Catherine's is one of the parishes in the city of Dublin.

TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY — DIOCESE OF MEATH, August 1" 1840. — Inscribed round a cross with rayed angles ; on the upper of these are small Maltese crosses, and beneath SAINT PATRICK PRAY FOR US "PLEDGE — I PROMISE, WHILST I AM A MEMBER OF THIS SOCIETY, TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, &c.,

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EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." Reverse. — St. Patrick, with crozier, &c., blessing a group of kneeling men and women ; above a cross, with rays, IN HOC SIGNO VINCES. In exergue, SANCTE PATRITI | ORA PRO NOBIS. On base line, in minute lettering, I PARKES F. Struck in bronze. A proof impression. Size, 1·7.

CLONES TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. FRANCIS FITZGERALD PRESIDENT. — Inscribed within wreaths of oak leaves and acorns ; outside, in small letters, I PARKES. Reverse. — "PLEDGE — I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS, EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY, AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE." Underneath, two clasped hands and wreaths of roses, shamrocks, and thistles. A proof medal struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

DROGHEDA TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. REV^d THOMAS V. BURKE O.S.D. PRESIDENT. — Pledge inscribed on cross with rayed angles. The upper with the words, FOUNDED 1840 | FEBRUARY 16th, | and the lower with shamrocks. "PLEDGE — I DO HEREBY PLEDGE MYSELF TO ABSTAIN TOTALLY FROM EVERY SPECIES OF INTOXICATING DRINK, AND TO USE MY INFLUENCE TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE VICE OF DRUNKENNESS." Reverse. — Inscribed, IRISHMEN BE YE SOBER — DRUNKARDS SHALL NOT POSSESS THE KINGDOM OF GOD. PAUL 6^Th COR. Within is represented a globe marked with lines of longitude and zones: N.P. — S.P. — N.T.Z. — S.T.Z. — and T.Z. for North and South Poles, &c. ; above is a cross surrounded by rays, and over it IN HOC SIGNO VINCES. At left of globe a female bearing a harp and rayed crown, and to right angel, winged, pointing to the cross ; underneath the globe, in small letters, BE THOU SOBER, and under the feet of angel, I PARKES F. I have a proof impression struck in bronze. Size, 1·7.

Do. (2nd Medal). — Obverse with pledge similar to last. Reverse. — inscribed IN HOC SIGNO VINCES — DRUNKARDS SHALL NOT POSSESS THE KINGDOM OF GOD, PAUL 6^TH COR. Within is a half section of the globe carved with bunches of shamrocks, and marked HIBERNIA ; and underneath, BE THOU S0BER. Above is a cross surrounded by rays ; to left a female leaning on a harp with rayed crown, and to right an angel, winged, pointing to the cross. Under the female, upon the edge of the globe, is the artist's name PARKES. A proof in white metal. Size, 1·7.

LISBURN TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. — FOUNDED BY MR. ROBERT M'CURDY | 9^TH MARCH, 1837. "WE DO VOLUNTARILY AGREE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING LIQUORS, NEITHER TASTING THEM NOR OFFERING THEM TO OTHERS, EXCEPT MEDICINALLY OR IN RELIGIOUS ORDINANCES, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE THE CAUSES AND PRACTICES OF INTEMPERANCE." Underneath are two clasped hands, small oak wreaths, and a ribbon marked ONWARDS. Reverse. — Of greater size, but design similar to that of the smaller TOTAL ABSTINENCE DECLARATION Medal, except that there is a ribbon below the lamb and book marked RELIGION, and at base in small letters, PARKES. A proof struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

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S MARY^S TEMPERANCE SOCIETY INST^D AT KILKENNY ALL SAINTS 1839. REV^D J. P. O'REILLY DIRECTOR. In centre a bust of the Virgin, with palm branches ; underneath, AIIOK — V.II.9 — O VIRGIN PURE — AS LILY FLOWER — MID OUR GREEN BOWER ERIN'S SONS HAIL THEE - PRAY US TEMPERANCE CHASTITY. On the arm of the virgin, in small letters, I PARKES F. Reverse. — PER IPSTUM ET CUM IPSO ET IN IPSO VINCES. I AM THE WAY AND THE TRUTH AND THE LIFE S . JOHN XIV. 6. A bust of Christ bearing cross, with palm branches underneath, and the words PRINCE OF PEACE — EVERY VICE PROSCRIBING — EVERY VIRTUE TEACHING — ALL HAIL - THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF ERIN - LIKE THOSE OF RECHAB OF OLD, DRINK NO WINE - NOR STRONG DRINK EXCEPT MEDICALLY ADVISED. — SEE BIBLE. The artist's name is placed on the arm of bust. A proof struck in white metal. Size, 1·7.

Do. (2nd medal). — Obverse similar to last, but two small palm wreaths at sides of Virgin's bust, and under these AIIOK — V.II.9, the head is also surrounded by rays. Reverse. — similar to last, without the palm branches under head of Christ, which is also surrounded by rays and the inscription under head arranged in short lines not curved, as in last described medal. The artist's name, I PARKES F is placed on the arms of both figures. A proof in white metal. Size, 1·7.

WESTERN SCOTTISH TEMPERANCE UNION, INSTITUTED 1838. — Inscribed in centre : "TO ABSTAIN — FROM TAKING AND GIVING — INTOXICATING LIQUORS IS — THE BOND OF UNION" ; beneath, two clasped hands and Scottish thistles in wreaths. Reverse. — Similar to the "Total abstinence medal" already described. A bronze proof. Size, 2·1.

RELIGIOUS MEDAL. — Obverse bust of Christ to left, surrounded by rays — SALVATOR MUNDI. Reverse. — Bust of the Virgin, MATER SALVATORIS. In small letters underneath, PARKES. Struck in soft white metal. Size, 1·2. I do not know the history of this medal. It was probably made for some religious association or guild.

MEDALS INSCRIBED I. C. PARKES.

When Mr. Isaac Parkes retired from the active work of medallist designs, his son, Mr. I. C. Parkes, succeeded to his business, but found it more profitable to develop an extensive trade in other departments. However, for a few years medals continued to be struck bearing the letters I. C. PARKES. F.

VISIT OF THE QUEEN AND PRINCE ALBERT TO IRELAND, 1861. — The observe is struck from the old die of medal for 1849, made by I. Parkes. The reverse is inscribed : TO COMMEMORATE — HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY — AND ROYAL CONSORT'S — VISIT TO — IRELAND — 1861, surrounded by wreaths of roses, shamrocks, and thistles, springing from scrolls. I have a white metal proof. Size, 1·7.

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HIS R H PRINCE OF WALES K G. — Bust to left in military costume with star and sash ; underneath, in small letters, I.C.P. Reverse. — CEAD MILE FAILTE. Hibernia as a female to left, with harp and Irish hound, pointing to the rising sun, and a small ship approaching the shore ; behind are the ruins of a church and a round tower. In exergue, VISIT TO IRELAND — 1861.
This little medallet is struck in bronze. Size, 0·7. In 1861, August 22nd, Her Majesty and Prince Albert visited Ireland; on August 24 they reviewed the troops at the Curragh of Kildare, where the Prince of Wales had resided for some time.

ORANGE MEDAL. — Bust of William III., with flowing hair and laurel wreath, to left, in armour, covered by a mantle. Inscription the GLORIOUS PIOUS AND IMMORTAL MEMORY 1690. On the lower edge of bust in small letters I C PARKES F., and underneath NO SURRENDER. Reverse. — Inscribed, FOR THE LAWS AND CONSTITUTION AS ESTABLISHED UNDER WILLIAM IN 1691, with two flags crossed, one the Union flag, the other bearing the words DERRY BOYNE AUGHRIM ; above are a harp and crown ; underneath, two swords crossed and an open Bible HOLY BIBLE I THESS 4 c 9 v - I PET 2 c 17 v. Around a twined ribbon is inscribed FORWARD & PUT YOUR TRUST IN GOD & FEAR NO EVIL. I possess a bronze proof and also a gilt medal. Size, 1·5. This is one of the better known "Orange" medals worn by members of the Orange Society in Ireland.

ORANGE MEDAL (No. 2). — Obverse similar to that last described. Reverse. — A wreath of Orange lilies; in the centre 1019, and around it inscribed LOYAL AUGHERONIAN ORANGE LODGE. Struck in bronze. Size, 1·5.

ORANGE MEDAL (No. 3). — THE GLORIOUS MEMORY OF KING WILLIAM. Inscribed round a statue of William III. on horse upon a pedestal with the date 1690. In smaller letters round the statue BOYNE — NO SURRENDER — AUGHRIM. On base-line to right in small letters I. C. PARKES, F. Reverse. — An open Bible, with divergent rays placed within a triangle, the sides of which are inscribed ORDER | LOVE | TRUTH. Outside, upon a garter, QUEEN AND CONSTITUTION. Above the triangle an imperial crown. Struck in white metal. A proof. Size, 1·7.

ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY PRIZE MEDAL. — The design is similar to Mossop's original medal, but presents differences in the copia, fruit, and flowers. The inscription NOSTRI PLENA LABORIS is in full-faced thick letters. Reverse. — The name of the successful competitor was engraved within a raised wreath of olive leaves. This is one of the numerous medals of similar character struck in different metals for prizes at the competition shows of the Society.

ST. PATRICK'S COLLEGE, CARLOW. — This medal was copied from and is similar to that made by Mr. Woodhouse, which I have already described,

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but the lettering of the inscription is smaller. The wreath on reverse is also different ; it consists of olive leaves and shamrocks, the inscription being PRÆSTANTI MORIBUS ET ARTIBUS. To the right of the College buildings on base-line is placed in small letters I C PARKES DUBLIN. I have a fine bronze proof. Size, 2·1.

WESLEYAN CONNEXIONAL SCHOOL, DUBLIN. — This inscription surrounds wreaths of olive leaf with blank centre for engraving ; underneath, in minute letters J.C.P. Reverse. — A draped female seated, crowning a lad who is reading from an open volume ; behind him is a terrestrial globe, and in the distance a temple on rocks. Surrounded by the letters - (.... Greek letters ....). On a separate line in exergue, I C PARKES DUBLIN. I possess a bronze proof, also an early impression of the reverse with blank obverse, struck in white metal. Size, 1·6.

SCHOOL MEDAL. — Obverse, Owl represented with two globes, books, and behind, a temple on rocks ; underneath, I C PARKES DUBLIN. Reverse. — Blank centre surrounded by olive wreaths. Struck in bronze. Size, 1·5.

DANIEL O'CONNELL. — Bust draped to left, D O'CONNELL ESQ M.P. Reverse. - a tomb surmounted with urn and two crosses, and inscribed D O'CONNELL | BORN | AUG 6 1775 | DIED AT GENOA | MAY 15 1847. In exergue, I.C.P. A medallet struck in brass. Size, 0·9.

BALLYMENA BALLYMONEY COLERAINE AND PORTRUSH JUNCTION RAILWAY. — Inscribed around a locomotive engine, beneath which is FREE TICKET | FOR LIFE, underneath the engine in small letters I C PARKES F. Reverse. — within a wreath of shamrocks, roses and thistles, PRESENTED — BY — WILLIAM DARGAN, ESQ. — TO — AN ORIGINAL PROMOTER — OF THE COMPANY — NOVEMBER — 1855. This is a well-struck medal. I have a proof in copper. Size, 1·6.

THE ST BRIDES—ST WERBUGHS—BAND OF HOPE TEMPERANCE UNION—SWIFT ALLEY. Below this is an open Bible inscribed with texts, and underneath, 1859 — WITH THE HELP OF GOD. Reverse. — Head of the Queen in high relief to left, pendant from the neck a medal with shamrocks, VICTORIA REGINA. In small letters under the head I C PARKES F. I have a fine white metal proof. Size, 1·7.
These Dublin parishes are portions of the old city. The dedication of St. Werburgh's originated with an early settlement of merchants from Bristol, where the saint was much revered.

LOUTH FARMING SOCIETY. — Underneath are wreaths of corn and shamrocks, the centre blank for engraving. Reverse. — Farm residence with yard having horse, cow, sheep, &c., also a plough. On base-line to left

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in small letters I C PARKES DUBLIN. My specimen of this medal is a bronze impression. Size, 1·7. It bears the date 1868, engraved on obverse.

CASHEL UNION AGRICUTURAL SOCIETY. — This medal is similar in obverse and reverse to that last described, but differing in the above inscription. The obverse also has the words PRESENTED TO. The specimen described was silver. Size, 1·7.

CASHEL ART AND INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, 1864, JOHN DAVID WHITE SECRETARY. — On the reverse a view of the Rock of Cashel. One hundred of these medals were struck in copper. Size, about 1·0. I have no impression of it.